Restriction of an Extinct Retrovirus by the Human TRIM5α Antiviral Protein
Abstract
Primate genomes contain a large number of endogenous retroviruses and encode evolutionarily dynamic proteins that provide intrinsic immunity to retroviral infections. We report here the resurrection of the core protein of a 4-million-year-old endogenous virus from the chimpanzee genome and show that the human variant of the intrinsic immune protein TRIM5α can actively prevent infection by this virus. However, we suggest that selective changes that have occurred in the human lineage during the acquisition of resistance to this virus, and perhaps similar viruses, may have left our species more susceptible to infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).
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Human TRIM5α has been shown to bind the capsid of a resurrected ERV from the chimpanzee genome.
“Indeed, human TRIM5α has been shown to bind the capsid of a resurrected ERV from the chimpanzee genome 61.”
From Are human endogenous retroviruses pathogenic? An approach to testing the hypothesis (2013) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- Kaiser, S. M., Malik, H. S., & Emerman, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Emerman, Michael
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2007-06-22
- Volume
- 316
- Issue
- 5832
- Pages
- 1756-1758
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2013556374
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 5.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Keywords
- TRIM5α, endogenous retroviruses, retroviral restriction, intrinsic immunity, chimpanzee genome, HIV-1 susceptibility, antiviral proteins, primate evolution, host-virus coevolution
- MeSH terms
- Tripartite Motif Proteins, Antiviral Restriction Factors, Animals, Base Sequence, Carrier Proteins, Cats, Cell Line, Pan troglodytes, Disease Susceptibility, DNA, Biological Evolution, Gorilla gorilla, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Macaca mulatta, Molecular Sequence Data, Retroviridae Infections, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Evolution, Molecular, Endogenous Retroviruses, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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