The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
U-Series Dating of Paleolithic Art in 11 Caves in Spain
Open accessAbstract
Dating Cave Paintings: A number of caves in Europe contain exquisite ancient art. Most of the art has been thought to be produced during the time of last glaciation by recently arrived modern humans, but dating of the art has been problematic because the art contains only minimal amounts of carbon for radiocarbon dating. Pike et al. (p. 1409 ; see the cover; see the Perspective by Hellstrom ) have now obtained U-series dates on the calcite crusts that formed over the art from 11 caves in northwestern Spain. The ages from three caves are older than 35,000 years ago, and one dates to nearly 41,000 years ago. The earliest art used primarily red and was relatively formless; animal depictions appeared later. This dating is near the time of the arrival of modern humans and, because Neandertals were also present, complicates identifying the artists.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0–50,000 years cal BP
Reimer, P. J., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Ramsey, C. B., Buck, C. E., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Friedrich, M., et al. (2013) · Radiocarbon · doi:10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947 · Cited by 14,591
Self-citationIntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0–50,000 years cal BP
Reimer, P. J., Baillie, M. G. L., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Bronk Ramsey, C., Buck, C. E., Burr, G. S., Edwards, R. L., et al. (2009) · Radiocarbon · doi:10.1017/s0033822200034202 · Cited by 4,290
Cited by
Pleistocene cave art from Sulawesi, Indonesia
Aubert, M., Brumm, A., Ramli, M., Sutikna, T., Saptomo, E. W., Hakim, B., Morwood, M. J., van den Bergh, G. D., Kinsley, L., & Dosseto, A. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13422 · Cited by 414
Earliest hunting scene in prehistoric art
Aubert, M., Lebe, R., Oktaviana, A. A., Tang, M., Burhan, B., Hamrullah, Jusdi, A., Abdullah, Hakim, B., Zhao, J.-X., et al. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1806-y · Cited by 330
Evidence for Neandertal Jewelry: Modified White-Tailed Eagle Claws at Krapina
Radovčić, D., Sršen, A. O., Radovčić, J., & Frayer, D. W. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119802 · Cited by 275
Signaling Theory and Technologies of Communication in the Paleolithic
Kuhn, S. L. (2014) · Biological Theory · doi:10.1007/s13752-013-0156-5 · Cited by 125
A 28,000 year old excavated painted rock from Nawarla Gabarnmang, northern Australia
David, B., Barker, B., Petchey, F., Delannoy, J.-J., Geneste, J.-M., Rowe, C., Eccleston, M., Lamb, L., & Whear, R. (2013) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2012.08.015 · Cited by 58
Metadata
- Authors
- Pike, A. W. G., Hoffmann, D. L., García-Diez, M., Pettitt, P. B., Alcolea, J., De Balbín, R., González-Sainz, C., de las Heras, C., Lasheras, J. A., Montes, R., & Zilhão, J.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2012-06-15
- Volume
- 336
- Issue
- 6087
- Pages
- 1409-1413
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1995894942
- Cited by
- 570
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 199.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: U-Series Dating of Paleolithic Art in 11 Caves in Spain. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1219957
- The paper
- Pike, A. W. G., Hoffmann, D. L., García-Diez, M., Pettitt, P. B., Alcolea, J., De Balbín, R., González-Sainz, C., de las Heras, C., Lasheras, J. A., Montes, R., & Zilhão, J. (2012). U-Series Dating of Paleolithic Art in 11 Caves in Spain. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219957
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.