Diabetes Mellitus in the Sand Rat Induced by Standard Laboratory Diets
Abstract
During an attempt to establish a laboratory colony of the sand rat ( Psammomys obesus ) we found that this animal invariably became obese and developed severe diabetes mellitus when fed on commercial laboratory rat feed, but remained normal when fed on fresh vegetables only. The signs of diabetes included elevated blood glucose, excessive glucose and ketone bodies in the urine, and cataracts. The diabetic animals showed degeneration of the pancreatic insulin-producing tissue (beta-cells).
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The sand rat (Psammomys obesus) is a diurnal, well-accepted and extensively studied model for T2DM.
“A diurnal, well‐accepted and extensively studied model for T2DM 48, 51, 100, 101, 102, 103 is the sand rat, (Psammomys obesus).”
From The Circadian Syndrome: is the Metabolic Syndrome and much more! (2019) · cites this paper as [101]
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- Authors
- Schmidt-Nielsen, K., Haines, H. B., & Hackel, D. B.
- Affiliations
- Departments of Zoology and Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1964-02-14
- Volume
- 143
- Issue
- 3607
- Pages
- 689-690
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2072246158
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 20.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Keywords
- diabetes mellitus, sand rat, Psammomys obesus, obesity, experimental diabetes, cataract, ketonuria, hyperglycemia, diet-induced diabetes
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Diet, Gerbillinae, Glucose, Insulin, Obesity, Pancreas, Research, Toxicology, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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