Cited by 130Birth, Development, and HealthEpigenetics and DNA MethylationNutrition, Genetics, and Disease

Epigenetic programming, early life nutrition and the risk of metabolic disease

Block, Tomasz, El-Osta, Assam·2017·Atherosclerosis

Abstract

Time separates the past from the present, during this period memory are formed - written in code and decoded to be read while other memories are erased - but when it comes to the epigenome some memories are harder to forget than others. Recent studies show chemical information is written in the context of the epigenome and codified on histone and non-histone proteins to regulate nuclear processes such as gene transcription. The genome is also subject to modification in the form of 5-methylcytosine, which has been implicated in metabolic memory. In this review, we examine some of the chemical modifications that signal early life events and explore epigenetic changes that underlie the diabetic vasculature. The fine balance between past and present is discussed, as it pertains to gestational diabetes and obesity in context to the Barker hypothesis. We also examine emerging experimental evidence suggesting the hypothalamus as a central regulator of obesity risk and explore current genomic medicine. As for how cells recall specific chemical information, we examine the experimental evidence implicating chemical cues on the epigenome, providing examples of diet during pregnancy and the increased risk of disease in offspring.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.09.003

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  • Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modification may be transmitted across generations.

    “Epigenetic changes such a DNA methylation and histone modification may be transmitted across generations either directly by persisting through meiosis or indirectly through replication in the next generation of the environmental conditions in which the epigenetic change occurred 46, 49.”

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Authors
Block, T., & El-Osta, A.
Affiliations
Monash University (AU)
Venue
Atherosclerosis
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-11
Volume
266
Pages
31-40
ISSN
0021-9150 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2750688577
Cited by
130
References
182
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 3
FWCI
2.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Atherosclerosis (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
Keywords
epigenetic programming, early life nutrition, metabolic disorders, metabolic memory, DNA methylation, histone modifications, gestational diabetes mellitus, Barker hypothesis, fetal origins of adult disease, hypothalamus, obesity risk, prenatal nutrition, genomic medicine
MeSH terms
Animals, Energy Metabolism, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Hypothalamus, Metabolic Diseases, Nutritional Status, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Risk Factors, Diabetes, Gestational, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, DNA Methylation, Reproductive Techniques, Assisted, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly, Epigenesis, Genetic, Diet, High-Fat

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