Dynamic Properties of Molecularly Thin Liquid Films
Abstract
An experimental technique is described for simultaneously measuring the static and dynamic interactions of very thin liquid films between two surfaces as they are moved normally or laterally relative to each other. Film thickness can be measured and controlled to 1 angstrom. Initial results are presented of the transition in the physical properties of liquid films only one molecular layer thick to thicker films whose properties are practically indistinguishable from the bulk. In particular, the results show that two molecularly smooth surfaces, when close together in simple liquids, slide (shear) past each other while separated by a discrete number of molecular layers, and that the frictional force is "quantized" with the number of layers.
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Non-associating liquids, including organic solvents and oils, become solid-like with a viscosity that diverges when confined between two surfaces as they slide past each other across films just a few monolayers thick.
“Non-associating liquids, including organic solvents and oils, are known to become solid-like, with a viscosity which diverges, when confined between two surfaces as they slide past each other across films that are just a few monolayers thick [39, 40].”
From Hydration lubrication (2013) · cites this paper as [39]
For organic liquids or oils, when confined to molecularly-thin layers (in the range 5-10 molecular diameters or less) such liquids become solid-like, and their effective viscosity diverges.
“For the case of organic liquids or oils, it has been realized for some time that when confined to molecularly-thin layers (in the range 5 -10 molecular diameters or less) such liquids become solid-like, and their effective viscosity diverges [39, 40, 52].”
From Hydration lubrication (2013) · cites this paper as [39]
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Idziak, S. H. J., Safinya, C. R., Hill, R. S., Kraiser, K. E., Ruths, M., Warriner, H. E., Steinberg, S., Liang, K. S., & Israelachvili, J. N. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.264.5167.1915 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Israelachvili, J. N., McGuiggan, P. M., & Homola, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- IBM Research - Almaden (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1988-04-08
- Volume
- 240
- Issue
- 4849
- Pages
- 189-191
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2087817950
- Cited by
- 664
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 11.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanics of Materials › Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions
- Keywords
- film thickness control, solid-liquid interface, interfacial dynamics
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