The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Retroviruses
Abstract
First brought to scientific attention as infectious cancer-causing agents nearly 80 years ago, retroviruses are popular in contemporary biology for many reasons. (i) The virus life cycle includes several events—in particular, reverse transcription of the viral RNA genome into DNA, orderly integration of viral DNA into host chromosomes, and utilization of host mechanisms for gene expression in response to viral signals—which are broadly informative about eukaryotic cells and viruses. (ii) Retroviral oncogenesis usually depends on transduction or insertional activation of cellular genes, and isolation of those genes has provided the scientific community with many of the molecular components now implicated in the control of normal growth and in human cancer. (iii) Retroviruses include many important veterinary pathogens and two recently discovered human pathogens, the causative agents of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma. (iv) Retroviruses are genetic vectors in nature and can be modified to serve as genetic vectors for both experimental and therapeutic purposes. (v) Insertion of retroviral DNA into host chromosomes can be used to mark cell lineages and to make developmental mutants. Progress in these and other areas of retrovirus-related biology has been enormous during the past two decades, but many practical and theoretical problems remain to be solved.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Poiesz, B. J., Ruscetti, F. W., Gazdar, A. F., Bunn, P. A., Minna, J. D., & Gallo, R. C. (1980) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.77.12.7415 · Cited by 5,043
Viral RNA-dependent DNA Polymerase: RNA-dependent DNA Polymerase in Virions of Rous Sarcoma Virus
TEMIN, H. M., & MIZUTANI, S. (1970) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2261211a0 · Cited by 2,128
Viral RNA-dependent DNA Polymerase: RNA-dependent DNA Polymerase in Virions of RNA Tumour Viruses
BALTIMORE, D. (1970) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2261209a0 · Cited by 2,068
Mechanism of activation of a human oncogene
Tabin, C. J., Bradley, S. M., Bargmann, C. I., Weinberg, R. A., Papageorge, A. G., Scolnick, E. M., Dhar, R., Lowy, D. R., & Chang, E. H. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/300143a0 · Cited by 1,393
DNA related to the transforming gene(s) of avian sarcoma viruses is present in normal avian DNA
STEHELIN, D., VARMUS, H. E., BISHOP, J. M., & VOGT, P. K. (1976) · Nature · doi:10.1038/260170a0 · Cited by 1,321
Self-citationBohmann, D., Bos, T. J., Admon, A., Nishimura, T., Vogt, P. K., & Tjian, R. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2825349 · Cited by 1,321
T cell antigen receptors and the immunoglobulin supergene family
Hood, L. (1985) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(85)90133-3 · Cited by 433
Moore, R., Dixon, M., Smith, R., Peters, G., & Dickson, C. (1987) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.61.2.480-490.1987 · Cited by 256
Schwartzberg, P., Colicelli, J., & Goff, S. P. (1984) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90439-2 · Cited by 242
Sequence and spacing requirements of a retrovirus integration site
Colicelli, J., & Goff, S. P. (1988) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(88)90378-6 · Cited by 198
Cited by
Three-dimensional structure of ribonuclease H from E. coli
Katayanagi, K., Miyagawa, M., Matsushima, M., Ishikawa, M., Kanaya, S., Ikehara, M., Matsuzaki, T., & Morikawa, K. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/347306a0 · Cited by 349
Roth, M. J., Schwartzberg, P. L., & Goff, S. P. (1989) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90401-7 · Cited by 263
RNA pseudoknots: translational frameshifting and readthrough on viral RNAs
Ten Dam, E. B., Pleij, C. W. A., & Bosch, L. (1990) · Virus Genes · doi:10.1007/bf00678404 · Cited by 214
Fidelity of Two Retroviral Reverse Transcriptases during DNA-Dependent DNA Synthesis In Vitro
Roberts, J. D., Preston, B. D., Johnston, L. A., Soni, A., Loeb, L. A., & Kunkel, T. A. (1989) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.9.2.469 · Cited by 189
A structured retroviral RNA element that mediates nucleocytoplasmic export of intron-containing RNA
Ernst, R. K., Bray, M., Rekosh, D., & Hammarskjöld, M.-L. (1997) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.17.1.135 · Cited by 159
Human RNA “Rumor” Viruses: the Search for Novel Human Retroviruses in Chronic Disease
Voisset, C., Weiss, R. A., & Griffiths, D. J. (2008) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.00033-07 · Cited by 157
NP220 mediates silencing of unintegrated retroviral DNA
Zhu, Y., Wang, G. Z., Cingöz, O., & Goff, S. P. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0750-6 · Cited by 123
Kanaya, S., Katsuda-Nakai, C., & Ikehara, M. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99002-2 · Cited by 116
Brown, P. H., Tiley, L. S., & Cullen, B. R. (1991) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.65.6.3340-3343.1991 · Cited by 85
Occlusion of the HIV poly(A) site
Weichs an der Glon, C., Monks, J., & Proudfoot, N. J. (1991) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.5.2.244 · Cited by 68
Crystal structures of ribonuclease HI active site mutants from Escherichia coli.
Katayanagi, K., Ishikawa, M., Okumura, M., Ariyoshi, M., Kanaya, S., Kawano, Y., Suzuki, M., Tanaka, I., & Morikawa, K. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(20)80652-8 · Cited by 37
Metadata
- Authors
- Varmus, H.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1988-06-10
- Volume
- 240
- Issue
- 4858
- Pages
- 1427-1435
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W4253511719
- Cited by
- 523
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 19.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
