The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 103 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cross-Contamination of Cells in Culture
Abstract
Lists are presented of references to all known publications describing cell properties that serve to characterize (i) known strains of HeLa and purported human cell lines indicted as HeLa contaminants, (ii) strains of human cell lines contaminated with human but non-HeLa cells, and (iii) strains of cells contaminated by cells from one or more other species. Frequencies of cell cross-contaminations are cited and references are presented to relatively simple techniques that could serve to detect such contamination.
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In the citing paper
“Cross-contamination between different cell lines is a serious but often neglected problem (Nelson Rees et al., 1981).”
From Guidance document on Good cell and tissue culture practice 2.0 (GCCP 2.0) (2021) · cites this paper as Nelson Rees et al., 1981
In the citing paper
“Despite fifty-five years of attention through reviews, letters, calls to action, surveys, and technical innovations [5][6][7][8], cellular cross-contamination and misidentification persist, with global rates estimated to be between 14% and 46%.”
From The history, landscape, and outlook of human cell line authentication and security (2024) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“He discovered, through analyzing type A mobility for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and the lack of a Y chromosome, that HeLa cells had already contaminated over 40 supposedly “unique” cultures, including those labeled KB (CVCL_0372), Chang liver (CVCL_0238), HEp-2 (CVCL_1906), HBT3 (CVCL_D281), and Intestine 407 (INT407, CVCL_1907) [4,5].”
From Genetic Insights into the Economic Toll of Cell Line Misidentification: A Comprehensive Review (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nelson-Rees, W. A., Daniels, D. W., & Flandermeyer, R. R.
- Affiliations
- Cell Culture Department, University of California, Berkeley, Naval Biosciences Laboratory, Oakland, California 94625
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1981-04-24
- Volume
- 212
- Issue
- 4493
- Pages
- 446-452
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1964255717
- Cited by
- 329
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 0.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Identification and Quantification in Food
- Keywords
- HeLa cells, human cell lines, cell line contamination, contamination detection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Line, Cells, Cultured, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase, Humans, Isoenzymes, Karyotyping, Phosphoglucomutase, Species Specificity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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