Metastasis as an evolutionary process
Abstract
Therapeutic advances in oncology have not fully translated to the treatment of metastatic disease, which remains largely incurable. Metastatic subclones can emerge both early and late in the life of the primary tumor. A better understanding of the genetic evolution of metastatic disease has the potential to reveal differences in the therapeutic vulnerabilities of primary and metastatic tumors, shed light on the temporal patterns of and routes to metastatic colonization, and provide insight into the biology of the metastatic process. Here we review recent comparative studies of primary and metastatic tumors, including data suggesting that macroevolutionary shifts (the onset of chromosomal instability) contribute to the evolution of metastatic disease. We also discuss the practical challenges associated with these studies and how they might be overcome.
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CIN correlates with tumor metastasis.
“Chromosomal instability (CIN) correlates with tumor metastasis1,2”
From Chromosomal instability drives metastasis through a cytosolic DNA response (2018) · cites this paper as [2]
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- Authors
- Turajlic, S., & Swanton, C.
- Affiliations
- The Francis Crick Institute (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Swanton, Charles
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2016-04-08
- Volume
- 352
- Issue
- 6282
- Pages
- 169-175
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2315243978
- Cited by
- 661
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 75 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 75 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 5.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Cancer Research UK (C50947/A18176)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
- Rosetrees Trust
- NovoNordisk Foundation (16584)
- European Union 7th Framework Programme
- Prostate Cancer Foundation
- Breast Cancer Research Foundation
- European Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Keywords
- metastasis, tumor evolution, primary tumor, chromosomal instability, therapeutic vulnerabilities, metastatic colonization, tumor heterogeneity
- MeSH terms
- Clone Cells, Humans, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasms, Phylogeny, Genetic Variation, Evolution, Molecular
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