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Science of science
Open accessAbstract
The whys and wherefores of SciSci: The science of science (SciSci) is based on a transdisciplinary approach that uses large data sets to study the mechanisms underlying the doing of science—from the choice of a research problem to career trajectories and progress within a field. In a Review, Fortunato et al. explain that the underlying rationale is that with a deeper understanding of the precursors of impactful science, it will be possible to develop systems and policies that improve each scientist's ability to succeed and enhance the prospects of science as a whole. Science , this issue p. eaao0185
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“the cumulative nature of scientific research [12] makes the knowledge ecosystem vulnerable to perpetuating errors [13], [14]”
From LLM hallucinations in the wild: Large-scale evidence from non-existent citations (2026) · cites this paper as [12]
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“Specifically, we believe that practices fundamental to the business models of paper mills leave a collaboration fingerprint that can be identified using techniques familiar to the ‘Science of Science’12.”
From Identifying fabricated networks within authorship-for-sale enterprises (2024) · cites this paper as [12]
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“1C) of the number of publications not only proves the growing interest in various aspects of the biology and taxonomy of agaricoid fungi, but also reflects the explosive growth of publications, which can be considered a general trend in science since the 2000s (Fortunato et al., 2018).”
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“Third, analyzing the mechanism for successfully predicting scientific impact can help design policies that improve scientific enterprise (Fortunato et al., 2018), rather than only focusing on predicting results.”
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“The citation is found to follow power-law distribution [19, 46, 48] and the dynamics is universal for all disciplines [11].”
Coccia, M., & Roshani, S. (2024) · Journal of Data and Information Science · doi:10.2478/jdis-2024-0005 · Cited by 35
Akpan, I. J., Offodile, O. F., Akpanobong, A. C., & Kobara, Y. M. (2024) · Informatics · doi:10.3390/informatics11030053 · Cited by 31
“Conventionally, scientific discoveries in modern times occur through research, which in most cases occurs at research institutions and laboratories endowed with relevant human and technical capital [34,35].”
BackgroundThe global geography of artificial intelligence in life science research
Schmallenbach, L., Bärnighausen, T., & Lerchenmueller, M. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-51714-x · Cited by 35
“Scienti fi c progress tends to be driven by research of unusual rather than average quality 26,27 , traditionally motivating dedicated examinations of the right-hand tail of the research quality distribution 28 .”
Megajournal mismanagement: Manuscript decision bias and anomalous editor activity at PLOS ONE
Petersen, A. M. (2019) · Journal of Informetrics · doi:10.1016/j.joi.2019.100974 · Cited by 31
Self-citationFernández-Planells, A., Orduña‐Malea, E., & Feixa, C. (2021) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444821994490 · Cited by 31
“Bibliometrics has long been used to characterize research communities as part of the so-called ‘science of science’ (Fortunato et al., 2018).”
MethodWorking the literature harder: what can text mining and bibliometric analysis reveal?
Han, Y., Wennersten, S. A., & Lam, M. P. Y. (2019) · Expert Review of Proteomics · doi:10.1080/14789450.2019.1703678 · Cited by 31
“Extensive bibliometric analyses of the biomedical literature have revealed among other observations the rising pro-minence of team science, a trend that is however accompanied by inequitable credit allocation [12].”
BackgroundThe Influence of International Collaboration on the Scientific Impact in V4 Countries
Kohus, Z., Demeter, M., Szigeti, G. P., Kun, L., Lukács, E., & Czakó, K. F. (2022) · Publications · doi:10.3390/publications10040035 · Cited by 37
Reciprocity and impact in academic careers
Li, W., Aste, T., Caccioli, F., & Livan, G. (2019) · EPJ Data Science · doi:10.1140/epjds/s13688-019-0199-3 · Cited by 30
Galex: Exploring the Evolution and Intersection of Disciplines
Li, Z., Zhang, C., Jia, S., & Zhang, J. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934667 · Cited by 30
Association between productivity and journal impact across disciplines and career age
Sunahara, A. S., Perc, M., & Ribeiro, H. V. (2021) · Physical Review Research · doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.3.033158 · Cited by 32
“The development of knowledge-based economies and the increasing availability of information and knowledge itself have driven transdisciplinary efforts towards a better quantitative understanding of the scientific enterprise: the science of Science [1, 2].”
BackgroundInfluentialCollaboration enhances career progression in academic science, especially for female researchers
van der Wal, J. E. M., Thorogood, R., & Horrocks, N. P. C. (2021) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.0219 · Cited by 36
Profiles not metrics: the case of Brazilian universities
Mcmanus, C. M., Neves, A. A. B., Diniz‐Filho, J. A. F., Maranhão, A. Q., & Filho, A. G. S. (2021) · Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências · doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120200261 · Cited by 30
Hotness prediction of scientific topics based on a bibliographic knowledge graph
Huo, C., Ma, S., & Liu, X. (2022) · Information Processing & Management · doi:10.1016/j.ipm.2022.102980 · Cited by 30
Team formation and team impact: The balance between team freshness and repeat collaboration
Liu, M., Jaiswal, A. K., Bu, Y., Min, C., Yang, S., Liu, Z., Acuna, D. E., & Ding, Y. (2022) · Journal of Informetrics · doi:10.1016/j.joi.2022.101337 · Cited by 38
Metadata
- Authors
- Fortunato, S., Bergstrom, C. T., Börner, K., Evans, J. A., Helbing, D., Milojević, S., Petersen, A. M., Radicchi, F., Sinatra, R., Uzzi, B., Vespignani, A., Waltman, L., Wang, D., & Barabási, A.-L.
- Affiliations
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- University of California, Merced (US)
- Northeastern University (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Leiden University (NL)
- Center for Network Science, Central European University, Budapest 1052, Hungary.
- Corresponding author
- Fortunato, Santo
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2018-03-02
- Volume
- 359
- Issue
- 6379
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC5949209
- OpenAlex
- W2793071066
- Cited by
- 1,497
- References
- 113
- Citations by year
- 2026: 222 · 2025: 223 · 2024: 223 · 2023: 197 · 2022: 164 · 2021: 180 · 2020: 126 · 2019: 113 · 2018: 43
- FWCI
- 22.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks Open (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH Office of the Director (P01 AG039347, U01CA198934, IIS-0910664)
- NSF Office of the Director (NCSE 1538763, EAGER1566393, NCN CP Supplement 1553044)
- AFOSR (FA9550-15-1-0077, FA9550-15-1-0162, FA9550-17-1-0089)
- European Commission (641191)
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-15-1-0364)
- Army Research Office (W911NF-15-1-0577)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Library and Information Sciences › scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Research, Science, and Academia
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychology Research and Bibliometrics
- Keywords
- science of science, research output, science policy, scientific careers, research funding, research frontiers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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