Cited by 197High-pressure geophysics and materialsGeological and Geochemical AnalysisAstro and Planetary Science

Deep magma ocean formation set the oxidation state of Earth’s mantle

Armstrong, Katherine, Frost, Daniel J., McCammon, Catherine A., Rubie, David C., Boffa Ballaran, Tiziana·2019·Science

Abstract

Deep divide in fate of iron: A large component of Earth's atmosphere comes from the interior, where the gas species are dictated by the redox state of the mantle. After formation of Earth's iron core, the mantle became several orders of magnitude more oxidized. Armstrong et al. conducted a set of experiments looking at the redox state of silicate melt representative of Earth's early magma oceans. They found that at some depth, iron oxide disproportionates into iron(III) oxide and metallic iron. The reduced iron sinks to the core, leaving an oxidized rocky mantle that emits carbon dioxide and water instead of more reduced species. Science , this issue p. 903

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Crossref · 10.1126/science.aax8376

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  • The Hadean atmosphere and mantle were probably initially highly reducing, before subsequent oxidation either by hydrogen escape or disproportionation of mantle FeO accompanied by Fe loss to the core.

    “Therefore, the Hadean atmosphere and mantle were probably initially highly reducing, before subsequent oxidation either by hydrogen escape (29) or disproportionation of mantle FeO accompanied by Fe loss to the core (30, 31).”

    From The Archean atmosphere (2020) · cites this paper as [31]

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Authors
Armstrong, K., Frost, D. J., McCammon, C. A., Rubie, D. C., & Boffa Ballaran, T.
Affiliations
  • University of Bayreuth (DE)
  • Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
Corresponding author
Frost, Daniel J.
Venue
Science
Published
2019-08-30
Volume
365
Issue
6456
Pages
903-906
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2970320572
Cited by
197
References
74
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 2
FWCI
13.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (FR 1555/10-1, GRK 2156/1)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › High-pressure geophysics and materials
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
Keywords
magma ocean, mantle oxidation state, iron core formation, silicate melts, early Earth, core-mantle differentiation, volatile outgassing, carbon dioxide, mantle water

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