Convergent acquisition of disulfide-forming enzymes in malodorous flowers

For simple traits with easily quantifiable phenotypes and a simple genetic basis, PhyloG2P studies will have a chance to identify specific genotype-to-phenotype maps.

“On one end, we can conceptualize “simple” traits with both easily quantifiable phenotypes and a simple genetic basis. Here PhyloG2P studies will have a chance to identify specific genotype to phenotype maps (Lamichhaney et al. 2019; Nagy et al. 2020; Okuyama et al. 2025).”

After identifying the responsible gene, Okuyama et al. used CSUBST to identify replicated amino acid substitutions in the foreground lineages.

“After identifying the responsible gene, they used CSUBST (Fukushima and Pollock 2023) to identify replicated amino acid substitutions in the foreground lineages.”

Okuyama et al.'s study highlights how PhyloG2P methods can complement other molecular genetics methods.

“This study highlights how PhyloG2P methods can compliment other molecular genetics methods.”

Okuyama et al.'s analysis identified three substitutions within the gene that had occurred in all three independent transitions studied.

“Their analysis identified three substitutions within the gene that had occurred in all three independent transitions studied.”

Okuyama et al.'s follow-up experiments manipulating those three sites confirmed they were necessary and sufficient to cause the phenotypic change.

“Their follow up experiments manipulating those three sites confirmed they were necessary and sufficient to cause the phenotypic change.”

Okuyama et al. chose CSUBST because the gene was highly conserved between species and they wanted to identify any identical substitutions driving the replicated phenotypic change.

“Okuyama et al. (2025) chose CSUBST because the gene was highly conserved between species and they wanted to identify any identical substitutions driving the replicated phenotypic change.”

Okuyama et al. (2025) used a range of transcriptomic, molecular, and transgenic approaches to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying replicated changes in floral scent compounds.

“Okuyama et al. (2025) used a range of transcriptomic, molecular, and transgenic approaches to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying replicated changes in floral scent compounds.”