The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Closed-loop neuromodulation of spinal sensorimotor circuits controls refined locomotion after complete spinal cord injury.
Open accessAbstract
Neuromodulation of spinal sensorimotor circuits improves motor control in animal models and humans with spinal cord injury. With common neuromodulation devices, electrical stimulation parameters are tuned manually and remain constant during movement. We developed a mechanistic framework to optimize neuromodulation in real time to achieve high-fidelity control of leg kinematics during locomotion in rats. We first uncovered relationships between neuromodulation parameters and recruitment of distinct sensorimotor circuits, resulting in predictive adjustments of leg kinematics. Second, we established a technological platform with embedded control policies that integrated robust movement feedback and feed-forward control loops in real time. These developments allowed us to conceive a neuroprosthetic system that controlled a broad range of foot trajectories during continuous locomotion in paralyzed rats. Animals with complete spinal cord injury performed more than 1000 successive steps without failure, and were able to climb staircases of various heights and lengths with precision and fluidity. Beyond therapeutic potential, these findings provide a conceptual and technical framework to personalize neuromodulation treatments for other neurological disorders.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Citations
Cites
Krack, P., Batir, A., Blercom, N. V., Chabardès, S., Fraix, V., Ardouin, C., Koudsié, A., Limousin, P., Benazzouz, A., LeBas, J., et al. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa035275 · Cited by 2,208
Harkema, S., Gerasimenko, Y., Hodes, J., Burdick, J., Angeli, C., Chen, Y., Ferreira, C., Willhite, A., Rejc, E., Grossman, R. G., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60547-3 · Cited by 1,229
Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation Is Superior in Ameliorating Parkinsonism
Rosin, B., Slovik, M., Mitelman, R., Rivlin-Etzion, M., Haber, S. N., Israel, Z., Vaadia, E., & Bergman, H. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.08.023 · Cited by 793
Restoring Voluntary Control of Locomotion after Paralyzing Spinal Cord Injury
van den Brand, R., Heutschi, J., Barraud, Q., DiGiovanna, J., Bartholdi, K., Huerlimann, M., Friedli, L., Vollenweider, I., Moraud, E. M., Duis, S., et al. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1217416 · Cited by 767
Angeli, C. A., Edgerton, V. R., Gerasimenko, Y. P., & Harkema, S. J. (2014) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awu038 · Cited by 750
Transformation of nonfunctional spinal circuits into functional states after the loss of brain input
Courtine, G., Gerasimenko, Y., van den Brand, R., Yew, A., Musienko, P., Zhong, H., Song, B., Ao, Y., Ichiyama, R. M., Lavrov, I., et al. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2401 · Cited by 706
Self-citationProbing and regulating dysfunctional circuits using deep brain stimulation
Lozano, A. M., & Lipsman, N. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.01.020 · Cited by 665
Paz, J. T., Davidson, T. J., Frechette, E. S., Delord, B., Parada, I., Peng, K. K., Deisseroth, K. A., & Huguenard, J. R. (2012) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3269 · Cited by 571
Restoration of grasp following paralysis through brain-controlled stimulation of muscles
Ethier, C., Oby, E. R., Bauman, M. J., & Miller, L. E. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10987 · Cited by 485
A Computational Model for Epidural Electrical Stimulation of Spinal Sensorimotor Circuits
Capogrosso, M., Wenger, N., Raspopovic, S., Musienko, P., Beauparlant, J., Bassi Luciani, L., Courtine, G., & Micera, S. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1688-13.2013 · Cited by 435
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–209 of 209
Estimulação elétrica medular para recuperação motora de ratos com lesão medular
Angelin, L. G. (2023) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.5.2023.tde-06022024-180433
Advances in Medical and Surgical Care of Acute Spinal Cord injury
Chanbour, H., Zakieh, O., Younus, I., Jonzzon, S., Liles, C., Schwarz, J. P., & Zuckerman, S. L. (2024) · Seminars in Spine Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.semss.2024.101102
Song, D., & Tresch, M. C. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-66773-9
Invasive neuromodulation as a tool for neurorehabilitation
Piedimonte, F. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819877-3.00009-3
Mandal, A., Peña, D. M., Pamula, V. R., Perlmutter, S. I., Pape, F., Rudell, J. C., & Sathe, V. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers · doi:10.1109/tcsi.2025.3578284
Borda, L., Verma, N., Sorensen, E., Carranza, E., de Freitas, R. M., Ensel, S., Boos, A., Gerszten, P. C., Fields, D. P., Wittenberg, G. F., et al. (2026) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102925
Liang, W., Wang, C., Xu, Y., Sun, D., Zhang, X., Yin, P., Han, B., Qu, X., & Hai, Y. (2026) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2026.08.032
Metadata
- Authors
- Wenger, N., Moraud, E. M., Raspopovic, S., Bonizzato, M., DiGiovanna, J., Musienko, P., Morari, M., Micera, S., & Courtine, G.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Translational Neural Engineering Lab, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
- International Paraplegic Foundation Chair in Spinal Cord Repair, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Wenger, Nikolaus
- Moraud, Eduardo Martin
- Micera, Silvestro
- Courtine, Grégoire
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science Translational Medicine
- Published
- 2014-09-24
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 255
- Pages
- 255ra133-255ra133
- ISSN
- 1946-6234 (ISSN-L)
- 1946-6242
- OpenAlex
- W2105594224
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 12.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- infoscience.epfl.ch
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Science Translational Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- PolyPublie (École Polytechnique de Montréal) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Fondation Bertarelli
- European Commission (258654)
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (261247)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Keywords
- spinal cord injury, neuromodulation, feedback control, sensorimotor circuits, locomotion, leg kinematics, neural prostheses, feedforward control, movement feedback, personalized neuromodulation, paralysis, stair climbing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Disease Models, Animal, Extremities, Female, Gait, Locomotion, Motor Neurons, Prosthesis Design, Rats, Inbred Lew, Spinal Cord Injuries, Spinal Nerves, Time Factors, Muscle Fatigue, Recovery of Function, Feedback, Sensory, Neural Prostheses, Neurofeedback
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
