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Zoonotic Potential and Molecular Epidemiology of Giardia Species and Giardiasis

Open access
Feng, Yaoyu, Xiao, Lihua·2011·Clinical Microbiology Reviews

Abstract

SUMMARY: Molecular diagnostic tools have been used recently in assessing the taxonomy, zoonotic potential, and transmission of Giardia species and giardiasis in humans and animals. The results of these studies have firmly established giardiasis as a zoonotic disease, although host adaptation at the genotype and subtype levels has reduced the likelihood of zoonotic transmission. These studies have also identified variations in the distribution of Giardia duodenalis genotypes among geographic areas and between domestic and wild ruminants and differences in clinical manifestations and outbreak potentials of assemblages A and B. Nevertheless, our efforts in characterizing the molecular epidemiology of giardiasis and the roles of various animals in the transmission of human giardiasis are compromised by the lack of case-control and longitudinal cohort studies and the sampling and testing of humans and animals living in the same community, the frequent occurrence of infections with mixed genotypes and subtypes, and the apparent heterozygosity at some genetic loci for some G. duodenalis genotypes. With the increased usage of multilocus genotyping tools, the development of next-generation subtyping tools, the integration of molecular analysis in epidemiological studies, and an improved understanding of the population genetics of G. duodenalis in humans and animals, we should soon have a better appreciation of the molecular epidemiology of giardiasis, the disease burden of zoonotic transmission, the taxonomy status and virulences of various G. duodenalis genotypes, and the ecology of environmental contamination.

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Metadata

Authors
Feng, Y., & Xiao, L.
Venue
Clinical Microbiology Reviews
Published
2011-01
Volume
24
Issue
1
Pages
110-140
ISSN
  • 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-6618
OpenAlex
W2147043577
Cited by
1,152
References
8
FWCI
32.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Zoonotic Potential and Molecular Epidemiology of Giardia Species and Giardiasis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1128/cmr.00033-10
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Feng, Y., & Xiao, L. (2011). Zoonotic Potential and Molecular Epidemiology of Giardia Species and Giardiasis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00033-10

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