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Structures of Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites, Bradyzoites, and Sporozoites and Biology and Development of Tissue Cysts

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Dubey, J. P., Lindsay, D. S., Speer, C. A.·1998·Clinical Microbiology Reviews
DOI 10.1128/cmr.11.2.267
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Abstract

SUMMARY: Infections by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent worldwide in animals and humans. This paper reviews the life cycle; the structure of tachyzoites, bradyzoites, oocysts, sporocysts, sporozoites and enteroepithelial stages of T. gondii; and the mode of penetration of T. gondii. The review provides a detailed account of the biology of tissue cysts and bradyzoites including in vivo and in vitro development, methods of separation from host tissue, tissue cyst rupture, and relapse. The mechanism of in vivo and in vitro stage conversion from sporozoites to tachyzoites to bradyzoites and from bradyzoites to tachyzoites to bradyzoites is also discussed.

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Cited by

See all 1,181

Metadata

Authors
Dubey, J. P., Lindsay, D. S., & Speer, C. A.
Venue
Clinical Microbiology Reviews
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Published
1998-04
Volume
11
Issue
2
Pages
267-299
ISSN
  • 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-6618
DOI
10.1128/cmr.11.2.267
OpenAlex
W2142713800
Cited by
1,181
References
0
FWCI
11.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green
Licence
journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Structures of Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites, Bradyzoites, and Sporozoites and Biology and Development of Tissue Cysts. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1128/cmr.11.2.267
The paper
Dubey, J. P., Lindsay, D. S., & Speer, C. A. (1998). Structures of Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites, Bradyzoites, and Sporozoites and Biology and Development of Tissue Cysts. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.11.2.267

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.