The DOI matches its Crossref record; 204 of the 204 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Correlates of Protection Induced by Vaccination
Open accessAbstract
This paper attempts to summarize current knowledge about immune responses to vaccines that correlate with protection. Although the immune system is redundant, almost all current vaccines work through antibodies in serum or on mucosa that block infection or bacteremia/viremia and thus provide a correlate of protection. The functional characteristics of antibodies, as well as quantity, are important. Antibody may be highly correlated with protection or synergistic with other functions. Immune memory is a critical correlate: effector memory for short-incubation diseases and central memory for long-incubation diseases. Cellular immunity acts to kill or suppress intracellular pathogens and may also synergize with antibody. For some vaccines, we have no true correlates, but only useful surrogates, for an unknown protective response.
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In the citing paper
“Antibodies are critical for defence against viruses and nAbs have been shown to correlate with protection against COVID-1918,19 to inform immunization schedules20.”
From Efficacy of an unmodified bivalent mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in female small animal models (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Multivalent influenza21 and cytomegalovirus22 mRNA vaccines have shown that integration of multiple antigens can lead to robust nAb responses in pre-clinical models which correlate with protection for multiple vaccines18,23.”
From Efficacy of an unmodified bivalent mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in female small animal models (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“It has been demonstrated that neutralizing antibodies are sufficient to prevent dissemination of many diseases within populations (Plotkin, 2010).”
From mRNA mediates passive vaccination against infectious agents, toxins, and tumors (2017) · cites this paper as Plotkin, 2010
In the citing paper
“The role of neutralizing antibodies is in particular crucial because neutralizing antibody levels correlate with protection against many viruses including SARS-CoV-2 in humans [35,36]; recent data suggest that high neutralizing titers are particularly important for protection against novel circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants conferring immune escape [37][38][39].”
From Age-dependent Immune Response to the Biontech/Pfizer BNT162b2 Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination (2021) · cites this paper as [35]
Citations
Cites
Items 201–204 of 204
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Flagged first, then by citations
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Rydyznski Moderbacher, C., Ramirez, S. I., Dan, J. M., Grifoni, A., Hastie, K. M., Weiskopf, D., Belanger, S., Abbott, R. K., Kim, C., Choi, J., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.038 · Cited by 1,790
“The vast majority of licensed human vaccines work on the basis of protective antibody responses, with neutralizing antibodies being the most common mechanism of action (Piot et al., 2019; Plotkin, 2010; Plotkin et al., 2018).”
Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Convalescent Individuals
Robbiani, D. F., Gaebler, C., Muecksch, F., Lorenzi, J. C. C., Wang, Z., Cho, A., Agudelo, M., Barnes, C. O., Gazumyan, A., Finkin, S., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2456-9 · Cited by 1,853
Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Older Adults
Anderson, E. J., Rouphael, N. G., Widge, A. T., Jackson, L. A., Roberts, P. C., Makhene, M., Chappell, J. D., Denison, M. R., Stevens, L. J., Pruijssers, A. J., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2028436 · Cited by 1,523
Escape from neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants
Weisblum, Y., Schmidt, F., Zhang, F., DaSilva, J., Poston, D., Lorenzi, J. C., Muecksch, F., Rutkowska, M., Hoffmann, H.-H., Michailidis, E., et al. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.61312 · Cited by 1,308
Robust neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection persist for months
Wajnberg, A., Amanat, F., Firpo, A., Altman, D. R., Bailey, M. J., Mansour, M., McMahon, M., Meade, P., Mendu, D. R., Muellers, K., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd7728 · Cited by 1,195
Metadata
- Authors
- Plotkin, S. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Plotkin, Stanley A.
- ORCID
- Plotkin, Stanley A.
- Venue
- Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2010-07
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1055-1065
- ISSN
- 1556-679X (ISSN-L)
- 1556-6811
- PMC
- PMC2897268
- OpenAlex
- W2160358721
- Cited by
- 1,745
- References
- 204
- Citations by year
- 2026: 128 · 2025: 123 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 139 · 2022: 155 · 2021: 183 · 2020: 137 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 94 · 2017: 101 · 2016: 77 · 2015: 96 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 81 · 2012: 61
- FWCI
- 4.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical and Vaccine Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- correlates of protection, vaccine response, antibody function, mucosal antibodies, immunological memory, effector memory T cells, central memory T cells, cell-mediated immunity, intracellular pathogens, antibody synergy, surrogate markers
- MeSH terms
- Antibodies, Humans, Immunity, Immunity, Cellular, Immunologic Memory, Vaccines
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