The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Diversity of PspA: Mosaic Genes and Evidence for Past Recombination in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Open accessAbstract
Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is a serologically variable protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae . Twenty-four diverse alleles of the pspA gene were sequenced to investigate the genetic basis for serologic diversity and to evaluate the potential of diversity to have an impact on PspA's use in human vaccination. The 24 pspA gene sequences from unrelated strains revealed two major allelic types, termed “families,” subdivided into clades. A highly mosaic gene structure was observed in which individual mosaic sequence blocks in PspAs diverged from each other by over 20% in many cases. This level of divergence exceeds that observed for blocks in the penicillin-binding proteins of S. pneumoniae or in many cross-species comparisons of gene loci. Conversely, because the mosaic pattern is so complex, each pair of pspA genes also has numerous shared blocks, but the position of conserved blocks differs from gene pair to gene pair. A central region of pspA , important for eliciting protective antibodies, was found in six clades, which each diverge from the other clades by >20%. Sequence relationships among the 24 alleles analyzed over three windows were discordant, indicating that intragenic recombination has occurred within this locus. The extensive recombination which generated the mosaic pattern seen in the pspA locus suggests that natural selection has operated in the history of this gene locus and underscores the likelihood that PspA may be important in the interaction between the pneumococcus and its human host.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Escherichia coli and Salmonella :cellular and molecular biology
Neidhardt, F. C. (1996) · ASM Press eBooks · Cited by 8,197
Mosaicism in Vacuolating Cytotoxin Alleles of Helicobacter pylori
Atherton, J. C., Cao, P., Peek, R. M., Tummuru, M. K. R., Blaser, M. J., & Cover, T. L. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.30.17771 · Cited by 1,566
Hausdorff, W. P., Bryant, J., Paradiso, P. R., & Siber, G. R. (2000) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/313608 · Cited by 866
Gray, B. M., Converse, G. M., & Dillon, H. C. (1980) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/142.6.923 · Cited by 796
Resistance to Antibiotics Mediated by Target Alterations
Spratt, B. G. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8153626 · Cited by 674
Emergence of Drug-Resistant Pneumococcal Infections in the United States
Breiman, R. F. (1994) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510470035031 · Cited by 562
KAWAMURA, Y., HOU, X.-G., SULTANA, F., MIURA, H., & EZAKI, T. (1995) · International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology · doi:10.1099/00207713-45-2-406 · Cited by 503
Dowson, C. G., Hutchison, A., Brannigan, J. A., George, R. C., Hansman, D., Liñares, J., Tomasz, A., Smith, J. M., & Spratt, B. G. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.22.8842 · Cited by 404
Smith, J. M., Dowson, C. G., & Spratt, B. G. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/349029a0 · Cited by 400
Hausdorff, W. P., Bryant, J., Kloek, C., Paradiso, P. R., & Siber, G. R. (2000) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/313609 · Cited by 332
Cited by
Daniels, C. C., Rogers, P. D., & Shelton, C. M. (2016) · The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.5863/1551-6776-21.1.27 · Cited by 273
The Immune Response to Pneumococcal Proteins during Experimental Human Carriage
McCool, T. L., Cate, T. R., Moy, G., & Weiser, J. N. (2002) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20011576 · Cited by 270
Strand, T. A., Hollingshead, S. K., Julshamn, K., Briles, D. E., Blomberg, B., & Sommerfelt, H. (2003) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.2009-2013.2003 · Cited by 44
Self-citationStructure and Dynamics of Bacterial Populations: Pangenome Ecology
Azarian, T., Huang, I.-T., & Hanage, W. P. (2020) · The Pangenome · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-38281-0_5 · Cited by 26
Metadata
- Authors
- Hollingshead, S. K., Becker, R., & Briles, D. E.
- Venue
- Infection and Immunity
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2000-10
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 5889-5900
- ISSN
- 0019-9567 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5522
- OpenAlex
- W2117205808
- Cited by
- 339
- References
- 50
- FWCI
- 10.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Diversity of PspA: Mosaic Genes and Evidence for Past Recombination in Streptococcus pneumoniae. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1128/iai.68.10.5889-5900.2000
- The paper
- Hollingshead, S. K., Becker, R., & Briles, D. E. (2000). Diversity of PspA: Mosaic Genes and Evidence for Past Recombination in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infection and Immunity. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.10.5889-5900.2000
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
