The Immune Response to Pneumococcal Proteins during Experimental Human Carriage
Open accessAbstract
Colonization of the nasopharynx is the initial step in all infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The antibody response to carriage was examined in an experimental model of human colonization in healthy adults. Asymptomatic colonization was detected in 6/14 subjects and continued for up to 122 d. Susceptibility to carriage did not correlate with total serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G to the homotypic capsular polysaccharide. All of the colonized subjects, in contrast, developed a serum IgG and secretory IgA response to a 22 kD protein, whereas 7 of 8 subjects who did not become colonized had preexisting antibody to this protein. Analysis of the 22 kD protein identified it as the NH(2)-terminal region of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA). Our findings provide evidence for the role of antibody to this protein fragment in preventing pneumococcal carriage by humans.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Strain P1121 efficiently colonizes the murine nasopharynx.
“Strain P1121, a type 23F isolate obtained from a study of experimental human colonization, was selected for its ability to efficiently colonize the murine nasopharynx (15,16,18).”
From Synergistic stimulation of type I interferons during influenza virus coinfection promotes Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization in mice (2011) · cites this paper as [18]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children
BLACK, S. B., Shinefield, H. R., FIREMAN, B. H., Lewis, E. M., Ray, P., Hansen, J. R., Elvin, L., ENSOR, K. M., Hackell, J. G., Siber, G. R., et al. (2000) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-200003000-00003 · Cited by 2,293 · see citing works
Slipped-strand mispairing: a major mechanism for DNA sequence evolution.
Levinson, G., & Gutman, G. A. (1987) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040442 · Cited by 2,251 · see citing works
PREVENTION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA BY IMMUNIZATION WITH SPECIFIC CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDES
MacLeod, C. M., Hodges, R. G., Heidelberger, M., & Bernhard, W. G. (1945) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.82.6.445 · Cited by 518 · see citing works
Weiser, J. N., AUSTRIAN, R. C., Sreenivasan, P. K., & Masure, H. R. (1994) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.62.6.2582-2589.1994 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Self-citationDiversity of PspA: Mosaic Genes and Evidence for Past Recombination in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Hollingshead, S. K., Becker, R. S., & Briles, D. E. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.10.5889-5900.2000 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Briles, D. E., Ades, E., Paton, J. C., Sampson, J. S., Carlone, G. M., Huebner, R. C., Virolainen, A., Swiatlo, E., & Hollingshead, S. K. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.2.796-800.2000 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Crain, M. J., Waltman, W. D., Turner, J. S., Yother, J., Talkington, D. F., McDaniel, L. S., Gray, B. M., & Briles, D. E. (1990) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.58.10.3293-3299.1990 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Novel surface attachment mechanism of the Streptococcus pneumoniae protein PspA
Yother, J., & White, J. (1994) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.176.10.2976-2985.1994 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Some aspects of the pneumococcal carrier state
AUSTRIAN, R. C. (1986) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/18.supplement_a.35 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Dagan, R., Muallem, M., Melamed, R., Leroy, O. Y., & Yagupsky, P. (1997) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-199711000-00011 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Ogunniyi, A. D., Folland, R. L., Briles, D. E., Hollingshead, S. K., & Paton, J. C. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.5.3028-3033.2000 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Hammerschmidt, S., Bethe, G., H. Remane, P., & Chhatwal, G. S. (1999) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.67.4.1683-1687.1999 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Gwaltney, J. M., Sande, M. A., AUSTRIAN, R. C., & Hendley, J. O. (1975) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/132.1.62 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
McDaniel, L. S., Ralph, B. A., McDaniel, D. O., & Briles, D. E. (1994) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1006/mpat.1994.1078 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Competition among Streptococcus pneumoniae for intranasal colonization in a mouse model
Lipsitch, M., Dykes, J. K., Johnson, S. E., Ades, E. W., King, J. D., Briles, D. E., & Carlone, G. M. (2000) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00046-3 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Characterization of Binding of Human Lactoferrin to Pneumococcal Surface Protein A
Håkansson, A., Roche, H., Mirza, S., McDaniel, L. S., Brooks-Walter, A., & Briles, D. E. (2001) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.69.5.3372-3381.2001 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Genetic identification of exported proteins in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Pearce, B. J., Yin, Y. B., & Masure, H. R. (1993) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01233.x · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Tomasz, A. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199508243330810 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
The in-vitro activity and β-lactamase stability of carumonam
Neu, H. C., Chin, N. X., & Labthavikul, P. (1986) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/18.1.35 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Serological studies on the pneumococci
Mørch, E., & Andersen, H. (1943) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Confronting the pneumococcus: a target shift or bullet change?
Obaro, S. (2000) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00262-0 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [10]Tomasz, A. 1964 A chemically defined medium for Streptococcus pneumoniae Bacteriol. Proc. 64: 29.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Correlates of protection induced by vaccination
Plotkin, S. A. (2010) · Clinical and Vaccine Immunology · doi:10.1128/cvi.00131-10 · Cited by 1,745 · see citing works
Nakamura, S., Davis, K. M., & Weiser, J. N. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci57762 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citationSiegel, S. J., Roche, A. M., & Weiser, J. N. (2014) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2014.06.005 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Self-citationClarke, S. R., Brummell, K. J., Horsburgh, M. J., McDowell, P. W., Mohamad, S. A. S., Stapleton, M. R., Acevedo, J., Read, R. C., Day, N. P. J., Peacock, S. J., et al. (2006) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/501471 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Davis, K. M., Nakamura, S., & Weiser, J. N. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci57761 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Self-citationMcCool, T. L., & Weiser, J. N. (2004) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.72.10.5807-5813.2004 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationDesign, recruitment, and microbiological considerations in human challenge studies
Darton, T. C., Blohmke, C. J., Moorthy, V. S., Altmann, D. M., Hayden, F. G., Clutterbuck, E. A., Levine, M. M., Hill, A. V. S., & Pollard, A. J. (2015) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(15)00068-7 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Nod1 Signaling Overcomes Resistance of S. pneumoniae to Opsonophagocytic Killing
Lysenko, E. S., Clarke, T. B., Shchepetov, M., Ratner, A. J., Roper, D. I., Dowson, C. G., & Weiser, J. N. (2007) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0030118 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationClarke, S. R., & Foster, S. J. (2008) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.01530-07 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Zaidi, S. R., & Blakey, J. D. (2019) · Respirology · doi:10.1111/resp.13528 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
- Authors
- McCool, T. L., Cate, T. R., Moy, G., & Weiser, J. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Moy, Gregory
- ORCID
- Weiser, Jeffrey N.
- Venue
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2002-02-04
- Volume
- 195
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 359-365
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- PMC
- PMC2193593
- OpenAlex
- W2118878242
- Cited by
- 270
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 7.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01ai065298-005)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI38436, N01AI 65298, R21AI044231, R01AI044231, N01 AI065298, AI44231)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
- Keywords
- Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumococcal carriage, nasopharyngeal carriage, PspA, secretory IgA, serum IgG, antibody response, capsular polysaccharide
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Antibodies, Bacterial, Epitopes, Antigens, Bacterial, Antigens, Surface, Bacterial Proteins, Base Sequence, Carrier State, DNA, Bacterial, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Secretory, Immunoglobulin G, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptide Fragments, Pneumococcal Infections, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Pneumococcal Vaccines, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
