Sequence and structural elements that contribute to efficient encephalomyocarditis virus RNA translation

Duke, G M; Hoffman, M A; Palmenberg, A C

doi:10.1128/jvi.66.3.1602-1609.1992

Cited by 235RNA and protein synthesis mechanismsRNA Research and SplicingAnimal Virus Infections Studies

Sequence and structural elements that contribute to efficient encephalomyocarditis virus RNA translation

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Duke, G M, Hoffman, M A, Palmenberg, A C·1992·Journal of Virology

DOI 10.1128/jvi.66.3.1602-1609.1992PMC PMC240893

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Abstract

The nucleotide sequence of the 5' nontranslated region of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV-Rueckert) was determined, and a consensus RNA structural model for this sequence (850 bases) and three other poly(C)-containing cardioviruses (mengovirus, EMCV-B, and EMCV-D) was created through reiterative use of a minimum-free-energy folding algorithm. The RNA elements within this region which contribute to translation of EMCV proteins were mapped in cell-free reactions programmed with cDNA-derived RNA transcripts. The data provide evidence that stem-loop motifs I, J and K, formed by viral bases 451 to 785, are important components of cap-independent translation. In contrast to other reports, a minimal role for stem-loop H (bases 406 to 444) in translational activity is indicated. Small 5' nontranslated region fragments (bases 667 to 797) containing the J and K motifs proved strong competitive inhibitors when added to cell-free reactions programmed with exogenous capped or uncapped mRNAs. The putative sequestering of required translational factors by this segment clearly contributes to translational activity, but also suggests a possible competitive mechanism for the down regulation of host protein synthesis during viral infection.

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The polyC tract of the prototype elephant virus is shorter than reported for EMCV isolates such as the prototype Rueckert strain, but is on par with Mengo virus.
“While this polyC tract is shorter than reported for EMCV isolates such as the prototype Rueckert strain (C115UCUCCCUC10) [38], it is on par with Mengo virus (C50UC10) [39].”
From Zoological transmission of encephalomyocarditis virus in the United States: Virus evolution, host ecology, and capsid antigenicity derived from an outbreak (2026) · cites this paper as [38]
In the case of EMCV, it is thought to stem from competition between cap- and IRES-dependent translation, rather than to be a definitive shut-off.
“Indeed, in the case of EMCV, it is thought to stem from competition between cap- and IRES-dependent translation, rather than to be a definitive shut-off.16,158”
From The encephalomyocarditis virus (2012) · cites this paper as [16]

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Authors: Duke, G. M., Hoffman, M. A., & Palmenberg, A. C.
Affiliations: University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
ORCID: Palmenberg, A C
Venue: Journal of Virology
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 1992-03
Volume: 66
Issue: 3
Pages: 1602-1609
ISSN: 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
1098-5514
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.66.3.1602-1609.1992
PMC: PMC240893
OpenAlex: W2098477883
Cited by: 234
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 7.94
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Virology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI17331)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
Keywords: encephalomyocarditis virus, 5' untranslated region, RNA secondary structure, cap-independent translation, mengovirus, translational inhibitors, viral RNA translation
MeSH terms: Amino Acid Sequence, Base Sequence, DNA Mutational Analysis, Encephalomyocarditis virus, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Hydrogen Bonding, Molecular Sequence Data, Ribosomes, RNA, Messenger, RNA, Viral, Protein Biosynthesis, Molecular Structure, Gene Expression Regulation, Viral

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Sequence and structural elements that contribute to efficient encephalomyocarditis virus RNA translation

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