The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 68 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Novel Environmental Azole Resistance Mutation in Aspergillus fumigatus and a Possible Role of Sexual Reproduction in Its Emergence
Open accessAbstract
ABSTRACT This study investigated the dynamics of Aspergillus fumigatus azole-resistant phenotypes in two compost heaps with contrasting azole exposures: azole free and azole exposed. After heat shock, to which sexual but not asexual spores are highly resistant, the azole-free compost yielded 98% (49/50) wild-type and 2% (1/50) azole-resistant isolates, whereas the azole-containing compost yielded 9% (4/45) wild-type and 91% (41/45) resistant isolates. From the latter compost, 80% (36/45) of the isolates contained the TR 46 /Y121F/T289A genotype, 2% (1/45) harbored the TR 46 /Y121F/M172I/T289A/G448S genotype, and 9% (4/45) had a novel pan-triazole-resistant mutation (TR 46 3 /Y121F/M172I/T289A/G448S) with a triple 46-bp promoter repeat. Subsequent screening of a representative set of clinical A. fumigatus isolates showed that the novel TR 46 3 mutant was already present in samples from three Dutch medical centers collected since 2012. Furthermore, a second new resistance mutation was found in this set that harbored four TR 46 repeats. Importantly, in the laboratory, we recovered the TR 46 3 mutation from a sexual cross between two TR 46 isolates from the same azole-containing compost, possibly through unequal crossing over between the double tandem repeats (TRs) during meiosis. This possible role of sexual reproduction in the emergence of the mutation was further implicated by the high level of genetic diversity of STR genotypes in the azole-containing compost. Our study confirms that azole resistance mutations continue to emerge in the environment and indicates compost containing azole residues as a possible hot spot. Better insight into the biology of environmental resistance selection is needed to retain the azole class for use in food production and treatment of Aspergillus diseases. IMPORTANCE Composting of organic matter containing azole residues might be important for resistance development and subsequent spread of resistance mutations in Aspergillus fumigatus . In this article, we show the dominance of azole-resistant A. fumigatus in azole-exposed compost and the discovery of a new resistance mutation with clinical relevance. Furthermore, our study indicates that current fungicide application is not sustainable as new resistance mutations continue to emerge, thereby threatening the use of triazoles in medicine. We provide evidence that the sexual part of the fungal life cycle may play a role in the emergence of resistance mutations because under laboratory conditions, we reconstructed the resistance mutation through sexual crossing of two azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates derived from the same compost heap. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance selection in the environment is needed to design strategies against the accumulation of resistance mutations in order to retain the azole class for crop protection and treatment of Aspergillus diseases.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
![FIG 2 Locations and positions of samples taken from azole-free compost in Wageningen (W1 to W6 [30 cm apart from top to bottom]) and azole-containing compost in Hillegom (H1 to H6).](/paper-figures/4998930014d64f61836be1364e9695c5/a-novel-environmental-azole-resistance-mutation-in-i-aspergillus-fumigatus-i-and-figure-2.jpg)
![FIG 3 A. fumigatus CFU density (CFU per gram of compost) before and after heat shock in samples taken at different positions in an azole-free compost heap (W1 to W6 [dark blue bars]) and an azole-containing compost heap (H1 to H6 [light blue bars]).](/paper-figures/94ca192c664849a2abef2072c3dda2af/a-novel-environmental-azole-resistance-mutation-in-i-aspergillus-fumigatus-i-and-figure-3.jpg)
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“As shown in some publications, compost is one of the major sources of Aspergillus [37].”
From Nationwide Survey about the Occurrence of Aspergillosis in Captive Penguins in Zoos and Aquariums in Japan (2023) · cites this paper as [37]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hypervariable ‘minisatellite’ regions in human DNA
Jeffreys, A. J., Wilson, V., & Thein, S. L. (1985) · Nature · doi:10.1038/314067a0 · Cited by 3,771
Howard, S. J., Cerar, D., Anderson, M. J., Albarrag, A., Fisher, M. C., Pasqualotto, A. C., Laverdiere, M., Arendrup, M. C., Perlin, D. S., & Denning, D. W. (2009) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid1507.090043 · Cited by 750
Emergence of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus and Spread of a Single Resistance Mechanism
Snelders, E., van der Lee, H. A. L., Kuijpers, J., Rijs, A. J. M. M., Varga, J., Samson, R. A., Mellado, E., Donders, A. R. T., Melchers, W. J. G., & Verweij, P. E. (2008) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050219 · Cited by 741
Self-citationAzole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: a side-effect of environmental fungicide use?
Verweij, P. E., Snelders, E., Kema, G. H., Mellado, E., & Melchers, W. J. (2009) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(09)70265-8 · Cited by 604
Self-citationVerweij, P. E., Chowdhary, A., Melchers, W. J. G., & Meis, J. F. (2016) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/civ885 · Cited by 561
Self-citationDiscovery of a sexual cycle in the opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus
O’Gorman, C. M., Fuller, H. T., & Dyer, P. S. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07528 · Cited by 555
Clinical Implications of Azole Resistance inAspergillus fumigatus, the Netherlands, 2007–2009
van der Linden, J. W. M., Snelders, E., Kampinga, G. A., Rijnders, B. J. A., Mattsson, E., Debets-Ossenkopp, Y. J., Kuijper, E. J., van Tiel, F. H., Melchers, W. J. G., & Verweij, P. E. (2011) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid1710.110226 · Cited by 451
Self-citationSex speeds adaptation by altering the dynamics of molecular evolution
McDonald, M. J., Rice, D. P., & Desai, M. M. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature17143 · Cited by 436
Triazole Fungicides Can Induce Cross-Resistance to Medical Triazoles in Aspergillus fumigatus
Snelders, E., Camps, S. M. T., Karawajczyk, A., Schaftenaar, G., Kema, G. H. J., van der Lee, H. A., Klaassen, C. H. W., Melchers, W. J. G., & Verweij, P. E. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031801 · Cited by 427
Self-citationPossible Environmental Origin of Resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus to Medical Triazoles
Snelders, E., Huis in 't Veld, R. A. G., Rijs, A. J. M. M., Kema, G. H. J., Melchers, W. J. G., & Verweij, P. E. (2009) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00231-09 · Cited by 423
Self-citationChowdhary, A., Kathuria, S., Xu, J., & Meis, J. F. G. M. (2013) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003633 · Cited by 383
Self-citationProspective Multicenter International Surveillance of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus
van der Linden, J. W. M., Arendrup, M. C., Warris, A., Lagrou, K., Pelloux, H., Hauser, P. M., Chryssanthou, E., Mellado, E., Kidd, S. E., Tortorano, A. M., et al. (2015) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2106.140717 · Cited by 371
Self-citationvan der Linden, J. W. M., Camps, S. M. T., Kampinga, G. A., Arends, J. P. A., Debets-Ossenkopp, Y. J., Haas, P. J. A., Rijnders, B. J. A., Kuijper, E. J., van Tiel, F. H., Varga, J., et al. (2013) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cit320 · Cited by 342
Self-citationClinical implications of globally emerging azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus
Meis, J. F. G. M., Chowdhary, A., Rhodes, J. L., Fisher, M. C., & Verweij, P. E. (2016) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0460 · Cited by 320
Self-citationEvidence for Sexuality in the Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus
Paoletti, M., Rydholm, C., Schwier, E. U., Anderson, M. J., Szakacs, G., Lutzoni, F., Debeaupuis, J.-P., Latgé, J.-P., Denning, D. W., & Dyer, P. S. (2005) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.05.045 · Cited by 308
Sex in fungi: molecular determination and evolutionary implications.
Heitman, J., Kronstad, J. W., Taylor, J. W., & Casselton, L. A. (2007) · Cited by 283
Diaz-Guerra, T. M., Mellado, E., Cuenca-Estrella, M., & Rodriguez-Tudela, J. L. (2003) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.47.3.1120-1124.2003 · Cited by 281
de Valk, H. A., Meis, J. F. G. M., Curfs-Breuker, I., Muehlethaler, K., Mouton, J. W., & Klaassen, C. H. W. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.43.8.4112-4120.2005 · Cited by 248
Self-citationSexual development and cryptic sexuality in fungi: insights from Aspergillus species
Dyer, P. S., & O'Gorman, C. M. (2012) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00308.x · Cited by 237
Lockhart, S. R., Frade, J. P., Etienne, K. A., Pfaller, M. A., Diekema, D. J., & Balajee, S. A. (2011) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00185-11 · Cited by 232
Camps, S. M. T., van der Linden, J. W. M., Li, Y., Kuijper, E. J., van Dissel, J. T., Verweij, P. E., & Melchers, W. J. G. (2011) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.05088-11 · Cited by 229
Self-citationCamps, S. M. T., Dutilh, B. E., Arendrup, M. C., Rijs, A. J. M. M., Snelders, E., Huynen, M. A., Verweij, P. E., & Melchers, W. J. G. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050034 · Cited by 213
Self-citationMellado, E., Garcia-Effron, G., Alcazar-Fuoli, L., Cuenca-Estrella, M., & Rodriguez-Tudela, J. L. (2004) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.48.7.2747-2750.2004 · Cited by 210
Chowdhary, A., Kathuria, S., Xu, J., Sharma, C., Sundar, G., Singh, P. K., Gaur, S. N., Hagen, F., Klaassen, C. H. W., & Meis, J. F. G. M. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052871 · Cited by 197
Self-citationChen, J., Li, H., Li, R., Bu, D., & Wan, Z. (2004) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkh507 · Cited by 196
Chowdhary, A., Kathuria, S., Randhawa, H. S., Gaur, S. N. S., Klaassen, C. H. W., & Meis, J. F. G. M. (2011) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkr443 · Cited by 187
Self-citationEmergence of azole-resistant invasive aspergillosis in HSCT recipients in Germany
Steinmann, J., Hamprecht, A. G., Vehreschild, M. J. G. T., Cornely, O. A., Buchheidt, D., Spieß, B., Koldehoff, M., Buer, J., Meis, J. F. G. M., & Rath, P. (2015) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dku566 · Cited by 184
Self-citationMortensen, K. L., Hare, R. K., Johansen, H. K., Skov, M., Pressler, T., Howard, S. J., Leatherbarrow, H., Mellado, E., & Arendrup, M. C. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00213-11 · Cited by 179
Abdolrasouli, A., Rhodes, J. L., Beale, M. A., Hagen, F., Rogers, T. R., Chowdhary, A., Meis, J. F. G. M., Armstrong-James, D. P. H., & Fisher, M. C. (2015) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00536-15 · Cited by 179
Self-citationArendrup, M. C., Mavridou, E., Mortensen, K. L., Snelders, E., Møller, J. K., Khan, H., Melchers, W. J. G., & Verweij, P. E. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010080 · Cited by 175
Self-citationWiederhold, N. P., Gil, V. G., Gutierrez, F., Lindner, J. R., Bataineh, M. T. A., McCarthy, D. I., Sanders, C. J., Fan, H., Fothergill, A. W., & Sutton, D. A. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02478-15 · Cited by 168
Alvarez-Moreno, C., Lavergne, R.-A., Hagen, F., Morio, F., Meis, J. F., & Le Pape, P. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep45631 · Cited by 141
Self-citationVerweij, P. E., Zhang, J., Debets, A. J. M., Meis, J. F., van de Veerdonk, F. L., Schoustra, S. E., Zwaan, B. J., & Melchers, W. J. G. (2016) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(16)30138-4 · Cited by 140
Self-citationChowdhary, A., Sharma, C., Hagen, F., & Meis, J. F. G. M. (2014) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb.14.27 · Cited by 132
Self-citationCamps, S. M. T., Rijs, A. J. M. M., Klaassen, C. H. W., Meis, J. F. G. M., O’Gorman, C. M., Dyer, P. S., Melchers, W. J. G., & Verweij, P. E. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00335-12 · Cited by 129
Self-citationMorio, F., Aubin, G. G., Danner‐Boucher, I., Haloun, A., Sacchetto, É., Garcia‐Hermoso, D., Bretagne, S., Miegeville, M., & Pape, P. L. (2012) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dks160 · Cited by 123
Snelders, E., Camps, S. M. T., Karawajczyk, A., Rijs, A. J. M. M., Zoll, J., Verweij, P. E., & Melchers, W. J. G. (2015) · Fungal Genetics and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2015.06.001 · Cited by 119
Self-citationChowdhary, A., Sharma, C., Kathuria, S., Hagen, F., & Meis, J. F. G. M. (2015) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00428 · Cited by 113
Self-citationOccurrence of Aspergillus fumigatus during composting of sewage sludge
Millner, P. D., Marsh, P. B., Snowden, R. B., & Parr, J. F. (1977) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.34.6.765-772.1977 · Cited by 110
High prevalence of azole resistance inAspergillus fumigatusisolates from high-risk patients
Führen, J., Voskuil, W. S., Boel, C. H. E., Haas, P., Hagen, F., Meis, J. F. G. M., & Kusters, J. G. (2015) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkv177 · Cited by 107
Self-citationvan Paassen, J., Russcher, A., Wingerden, A. W. M. I. V.-V., Verweij, P. E., & Kuijper, E. J. (2016) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.30.30300 · Cited by 96
Self-citationAstvad, K. M. T., Jensen, R. H., Hassan, T. M., Mathiasen, E. G., Thomsen, G. M., Pedersen, U. G., CHRISTENSEN, M. B., Hilberg, O., & Arendrup, M. C. (2014) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.02855-14 · Cited by 95
Pfaller, M., Boyken, L., Hollis, R., Kroeger, J., Messer, S., Tendolkar, S., & Diekema, D. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02136-10 · Cited by 91
Vermeulen, E., Maertens, J. A., Schoemans, H. M., & Lagrou, K. (2012) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/ese.17.48.20326-en · Cited by 91
Global Population Genetic Analysis of Aspergillus fumigatus
Ashu, E. E., Hagen, F., Chowdhary, A., Meis, J. F. G. M., & Xu, J. (2017) · mSphere · doi:10.1128/msphere.00019-17 · Cited by 87
Self-citationMillner, P. D., Bassett, D. A., & Marsh, P. B. (1980) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.39.5.1000-1009.1980 · Cited by 78
Gisi, U. (2013) · Pest Management Science · doi:10.1002/ps.3664 · Cited by 78
A fungal sexual revolution: Aspergillus and Penicillium show the way
Dyer, P. S., & O’Gorman, C. M. (2011) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2011.10.001 · Cited by 78
Lavergne, R., Morio, F., Favennec, L., Dominique, S., Meis, J. F. G. M., Gargala, G., Verweij, P. E., & Pape, P. L. (2015) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00127-15 · Cited by 69
Self-citationFaria‐Ramos, I., Farinha, S., Neves-Maia, J., Tavares, P. R., Miranda, I. M., Estevinho, L. M., Pina‐Vaz, C., & Rodrigues, A. G. (2014) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/1471-2180-14-155 · Cited by 68
Verweij, P. E., Kema, G. H., Zwaan, B., & Melchers, W. J. (2013) · Pest Management Science · doi:10.1002/ps.3390 · Cited by 67
Self-citationAhmad, S., Joseph, L., Hagen, F., Meis, J. F. G. M., & Khan, Z. (2014) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dku410 · Cited by 62
Self-citationIdentification and Characterization of an Aspergillus fumigatus “Supermater” Pair
Sugui, J. A., Losada, L. C., Wang, W., Varga, J. J., Ngamskulrungroj, P., Abu-Asab, M. S., Chang, Y. C., O’Gorman, C. M., Wickes, B. L., Nierman, W. C., et al. (2011) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00234-11 · Cited by 62
Balajee, S. A., Tay, S. T., Lasker, B. A., Hurst, S. F., & Rooney, A. P. (2007) · Eukaryotic Cell · doi:10.1128/ec.00164-07 · Cited by 62
Losada, L. C., Sugui, J. A., Eckhaus, M., Chang, Y. C., Mounaud, S. H., Abigail, F., Joardar, V., Pakala, S., Pakala, S. M., Venepally, P., et al. (2015) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004834 · Cited by 61
Genetic variability and reproductive mode of Aspergillus fumigatus
Varga, J., & Tóth, B. (2003) · Infection Genetics and Evolution · doi:10.1016/s1567-1348(02)00156-9 · Cited by 59
Sexual reproduction in Aspergillus species of medical or economical importance: why so fastidious?
Kwon-Chung, K. J., & Sugui, J. A. (2009) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2009.08.004 · Cited by 58
Zhang, J., Debets, A. J. M., Verweij, P. E., Melchers, W. J. G., Zwaan, B. J., & Schoustra, S. E. (2015) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/evo.12763 · Cited by 44
Self-citationVoriconazole-Susceptible and Voriconazole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus Coinfection
Kolwijck, E., van der Hoeven, H., de Sévaux, R. G. L., ten Oever, J., Rijstenberg, L. L., van der Lee, H. A. L., Zoll, J., Melchers, W. J. G., & Verweij, P. E. (2016) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201510-2104le · Cited by 41
Self-citationPeláez, T., Monteiro, M. C., Garcia‐Rubio, R., Bouza, E., Gómez‐López, A., & Mellado, E. (2015) · New Microbes and New Infections · doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2015.04.005 · Cited by 37
Mohammadi, F., Hashemi, S. J., Zoll, J., Melchers, W. J. G., Rafati, H., Dehghan, P., Rezaie, S., Tolooe, A., Tamaddon, Y., van der Lee, H. A., et al. (2015) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.02326-15 · Cited by 30
Self-citationThe Balance and Interplay between Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Fungi
Chamberlain, M., & Ingram, D. S. (1997) · Advances in botanical research · doi:10.1016/s0065-2296(08)60071-3 · Cited by 26
Verweij, P. E., van de Sande-Bruinsma, N., Kema, G. H., & Melchers, W. J. G. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 20
Self-citationPena, G. A., Coelho, I. D. S., Reynoso, M. M., Soleiro, C. A., & Cavaglieri, L. R. (2015) · Medical Mycology · doi:10.1093/mmy/myv040 · Cited by 9
Recombination detection in A spergillus fumigatus through single nucleotide polymorphisms typing
Teixeira, J., Amorim, A., & Araújo, R. (2015) · Environmental Microbiology Reports · doi:10.1111/1758-2229.12321 · Cited by 7
2 Aspergillus fumigatus: Saprotroph to Pathogen
Bignell, E. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39432-4_2 · Cited by 6
Tsukahara, T. (1977) · Japanese Journal of Medical Mycology · doi:10.3314/jjmm1960.18.112 · Cited by 3
Studies on Heat Resistance of Conidiospores of Aspergillus fumigatus
Tsukahara, T. (1975) · Japanese Journal of Medical Mycology · doi:10.3314/jjmm1960.16.27 · Cited by 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Lestrade, P. P. A., Bentvelsen, R. G., Schauwvlieghe, A. F. A. D., Schalekamp, S., van der Velden, W. J. F. M., Kuiper, E. J., van Paassen, J., van der Hoven, B., van der Lee, H. A., Melchers, W. J. G., et al. (2018) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciy859 · Cited by 319
Self-citationThe rapid emergence of antifungal-resistant human-pathogenic fungi
Lockhart, S. R., Chowdhary, A., & Gold, J. A. W. (2023) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-023-00960-9 · Cited by 323
Rhodes, J. L., Abdolrasouli, A., Dunne, K., Sewell, T. R., Zhang, Y., Ballard, E., Brackin, A. P., van Rhijn, N., Chown, H., Tsitsopoulou, A., et al. (2022) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-022-01091-2 · Cited by 269
Triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: recent insights and challenges for patient management
Lestrade, P. P. A., Meis, J. F. G. M., Melchers, W. J. G., & Verweij, P. E. (2018) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2018.11.027 · Cited by 209
Self-citationBurks, C., Darby, A., Gómez, L. F., Momany, M., & Brewer, M. T. (2021) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009711 · Cited by 174
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, J., Snelders, E., Zwaan, B. J., Schoustra, S. E., Meis, J. F., van Dijk, K., Hagen, F., van der Beek, M. T., Kampinga, G. A., Zoll, J., Melchers, W. J. G., Verweij, P. E., & Debets, A. J. M.
- Affiliations
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Jianhua
- ORCID
- Venue
- mBio
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2017-07-05
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- ISSN
- 2150-7511 (ISSN-L)
- 2161-2129
- PMC
- PMC5487732
- OpenAlex
- W2729257211
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7
- FWCI
- 12.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- mBio (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- China Scholarship Council (CSC No.2011677021)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Keywords
- azole resistance, sexual reproduction, composting, unequal crossover, tandem repeats, genetic diversity, clinical isolates, heat shock, meiosis, molecular epidemiology
- MeSH terms
- Composting, Antifungal Agents, Aspergillosis, Aspergillus fumigatus, Azoles, Crosses, Genetic, Genotype, Humans, Mutation, Netherlands, Soil Microbiology, Drug Resistance, Fungal
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
