The DOI matches its Crossref record; 797 of the 799 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Molecular Basis of Bacterial Outer Membrane Permeability Revisited
Open accessAbstract
SUMMARY: Gram-negative bacteria characteristically are surrounded by an additional membrane layer, the outer membrane. Although outer membrane components often play important roles in the interaction of symbiotic or pathogenic bacteria with their host organisms, the major role of this membrane must usually be to serve as a permeability barrier to prevent the entry of noxious compounds and at the same time to allow the influx of nutrient molecules. This review summarizes the development in the field since our previous review (H. Nikaido and M. Vaara, Microbiol. Rev. 49:1-32, 1985) was published. With the discovery of protein channels, structural knowledge enables us to understand in molecular detail how porins, specific channels, TonB-linked receptors, and other proteins function. We are now beginning to see how the export of large proteins occurs across the outer membrane. With our knowledge of the lipopolysaccharide-phospholipid asymmetric bilayer of the outer membrane, we are finally beginning to understand how this bilayer can retard the entry of lipophilic compounds, owing to our increasing knowledge about the chemistry of lipopolysaccharide from diverse organisms and the way in which lipopolysaccharide structure is modified by environmental conditions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Among the best-characterized porins, the three major proteins produced by E. coli (known as OmpF, OmpC and PhoE) and the P. aeruginosa OprD (also known as protein D2) are classical examples of porin-mediated antibiotic resistance.”
From Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance (2016) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Importantly, changes in permeability through any of these mechanisms frequently result in low-level resistance and are often associated with other mechanisms of resistance, such as increased expression of efflux pumps (see below) (39).”
From Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance (2016) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Alterations of porins could be achieved by 3 general processes, i) a shift in the type of porins expressed, ii) a change in the level of porin expression, and iii) impairment of the porin function.”
From Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance (2016) · cites this paper as [39]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
Chang, G. A., & Roth, C. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.293.5536.1793 · Cited by 618
RetractedGapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs
Altschul, S. (1997) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/25.17.3389 · Cited by 73,302
VMD: visual molecular dynamics
Humphrey, W., Dalke, A., & Schulten, K. (1996) · Journal of Molecular Graphics · doi:10.1016/0263-7855(96)00018-5 · Cited by 66,952
Escherichia coli and Salmonella :cellular and molecular biology
Neidhardt, F. C. (1996) · ASM Press eBooks · Cited by 8,197
Lipid rafts and signal transduction
Simons, K., & Toomre, D. (2000) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35036052 · Cited by 5,371
Woese, C. R. (1987) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mr.51.2.221-271.1987 · Cited by 5,042
Raetz, C. R. H., & Whitfield, C. (2002) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135414 · Cited by 4,404
The complete genome sequence of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori
Tomb, J.-F., White, O., Kerlavage, A. R., Clayton, R. A., Sutton, G. G., Fleischmann, R. D., Ketchum, K. A., Klenk, H. P., Gill, S., Dougherty, B. A., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/41483 · Cited by 3,529
Thiebaut, F., Tsuruo, T., Hamada, H., Gottesman, M., Pastan, I., & Willingham, M. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.21.7735 · Cited by 2,823
Cohen, S. N., Chang, A. C. Y., & Hsu, L. (1972) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.69.8.2110 · Cited by 2,710
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Karlsson K.-A. 1982. Glycolipids and surface membranes p. 1-74. In D. Chapman (ed.) Biological membranes vol. 4. Academic Press Inc. New York N.Y.
- 10.1038/401717a0 · DOI
- Sugawara, E., and H. Nikaido. 1997. Only oligomeric forms of low efficiency porins OmpA and OprF appear to contain open channels. Biophys. J.72:A138.
- Wiedemann B. and H. Grimm. 1996. Susceptibility to antibiotics: species incidence and trends p. 900-1168. In V. Lorian (ed.) Antibiotics in laboratory medicine 4th ed. The Williams & Wilkins Co. Baltimore Md.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Bacterial Cell EnvelopePreprint
Silhavy, T. J., Kahne, D. E., & Walker, S. (2010) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000414 · Cited by 3,834
Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance
Munita, J. M., & Arias, C. A. (2016) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.vmbf-0016-2015 · Cited by 2,782
Hyldgaard, M., Mygind, T., & Meyer, R. L. (2012) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00012 · Cited by 2,191
Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance in the 21st Century
Fair, R. J., & Tor, Y. (2014) · Perspectives in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.4137/pmc.s14459 · Cited by 2,041
Antibiotics for Emerging Pathogens
Fischbach, M. A., & Walsh, C. T. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1176667 · Cited by 1,787
Metadata
- Authors
- Nikaido, H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nikaido, Hiroshi
- Venue
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2003-12
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 593-656
- ISSN
- 1092-2172 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5557
- PMC
- PMC309051
- OpenAlex
- W2120061656
- Cited by
- 4,316
- References
- 799
- Citations by year
- 2026: 294 · 2025: 242 · 2024: 225 · 2023: 223 · 2022: 267 · 2021: 269 · 2020: 274 · 2019: 238 · 2018: 228 · 2017: 243 · 2016: 227 · 2015: 187 · 2014: 176 · 2013: 162 · 2012: 177
- FWCI
- 8.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R37AI009644, R01AI009644, AI 09644)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Escherichia coli research studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Keywords
- bacterial outer membrane, outer membrane permeability, porin, TonB-dependent receptors, lipopolysaccharide, asymmetric bilayers, Gram-negative bacteria, nutrient uptake
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Cell Membrane, Cell Membrane Permeability, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Ion Channels, Lipid Bilayers, Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Alignment, Porins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
