Cited by 126Evolution and Genetic DynamicsLanguage and cultural evolutionGenomics and Phylogenetic Studies

Experimental evolution as a high-throughput screen for genetic adaptations

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Cooper, Vaughn S.·2018·mSphere

Abstract

Experimental evolution is a method in which populations of organisms, often microbes, are founded by one or more ancestors of known genotype and then propagated under controlled conditions to study the evolutionary process. These evolving populations are influenced by all population genetic forces, including selection, mutation, drift, and recombination, and the relative contributions of these forces may be seen as mysterious. Here, I describe why the outcomes of experimental evolution should be viewed with greater certainty because the force of selection typically dominates. Importantly, any mutant rising rapidly to high frequency in large populations must have acquired adaptive traits in the selective environment. Sequencing the genomes of these mutants can identify genes or pathways that contribute to an adaptation. I review the logic and simple mathematics why this evolve-and-resequence approach is a powerful way to find the mutations or mutation combinations that best increase fitness in any new environment.

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  • Laboratory evolution of microbes at high population sizes is a particularly powerful way to examine parallelism and constraint in evolution at genomic and phenotypic levels.

    “Laboratory evolution of microbes at high population sizes (at times termed “experimental evolution” or “adaptive laboratory evolution”) is a particularly powerful way to examine parallelism and constraint in evolution at genomic and phenotypic levels (Cooper 2018; Gerstein and Sharp 2021).”
  • Experimental laboratory evolution has been an effective method to study pathways of adaptation in a variety of biological contexts.

    “Experimental laboratory evolution has been an effective method to study pathways of adaptation in a variety of biological contexts (Kawecki et al. 2012; Cooper 2018).”

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Authors
Cooper, V. S.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
Cooper, Vaughn S.
Venue
mSphere
Published
2018-06-27
Volume
3
Issue
3
ISSN
2379-5042 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2801802352
Cited by
126
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 1
FWCI
7.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • mSphere (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U01 AI124302-01)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM110444)
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NAI CAN-7 NNA15BB04A)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Language and cultural evolution
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Keywords
experimental evolution, genetic adaptation, evolve-and-resequence, high-throughput screening, selection, genetic mutations, genetic drift, recombination, fitness, adaptive mutation, population genetics, microbial evolution
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Biological, Genetics, Microbial, Genetics, Population, Models, Biological, Selection, Genetic, Evolution, Molecular

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