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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Why Is the Biodegradation of Polyfluorinated Compounds So Rare?

Wackett, Lawrence P.·2021·mSphere
DOI 10.1128/msphere.00721-21PMC PMC8513679
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Abstract

Thousands of heavily fluorinated chemicals are found in the environment, impact human and ecosystem health, and are relatively resistant to biological and chemical degradation. Their persistence in the environment is due to the inability of most microorganisms to biodegrade them.

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Crossref · 10.1128/msphere.00721-21

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FIG 1 Schematic of a microbial cell illustrating the many physiological requirements for sustained defluorination of an organofluorine (C-F) compound. First, virtually all C-F compounds are unnatural, so specifically evolved uptake systems likely do not exist. If C-F can enter the cell, a defluorinating enzyme will be required to transform C-F to an organic product and fluoride ion. Fluoride is highly toxic to bacteria at low concentrations. Fluoride inhibits essential enzymes, in some cases with a KD of <50 mM. ATPases are inhibited, and ATP may be required by certain defluorinases. Some bacteria detoxify intracellular fluoride. This requires intracellular fluoride sensing, mediated via a riboswitch that binds fluoride and subsequently induces expression of detoxification genes. A critical detoxification function is mediated by an F−/H+ antiporter that expels fluoride from the cell. These many requirements for a viable defluorinating microorganism combine to make organofluorine biodegradation a rare phenotype in bacteria.
FIG 1 Schematic of a microbial cell illustrating the many physiological requirements for sustained defluorination of an organofluorine (C-F) compound. First, virtually all C-F compounds are unnatural, so specifically evolved uptake systems likely do not exist. If C-F can enter the cell, a defluorinating enzyme will be required to transform C-F to an organic product and fluoride ion. Fluoride is highly toxic to bacteria at low concentrations. Fluoride inhibits essential enzymes, in some cases with a KD of <50 mM. ATPases are inhibited, and ATP may be required by certain defluorinases. Some bacteria detoxify intracellular fluoride. This requires intracellular fluoride sensing, mediated via a riboswitch that binds fluoride and subsequently induces expression of detoxification genes. A critical detoxification function is mediated by an F−/H+ antiporter that expels fluoride from the cell. These many requirements for a viable defluorinating microorganism combine to make organofluorine biodegradation a rare phenotype in bacteria.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 26

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Metadata

Authors
Wackett, L. P.
Affiliations
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
ORCID
Wackett, Lawrence P.
Venue
mSphere
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Published
2021-10-27
Volume
6
Issue
5
ISSN
2379-5042
DOI
10.1128/msphere.00721-21
PMC
PMC8513679
Cited by
77
References
3
Language
en
Licence

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