Triazole Evolution of Candida parapsilosis Results in Cross-Resistance to Other Antifungal Drugs, Influences Stress Responses, and Alters Virulence in an Antifungal Drug-Dependent Manner
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Candida parapsilosis causes life-threatening fungal infections. In the last 2 decades, the increasing number of azole-resistant C. parapsilosis clinical isolates has been attributable to the overuse and misuse of fluconazole, the first-line antifungal agent most commonly used in several countries. To date, the range of applicable antifungal drugs is limited. As a consequence, it is essential to understand the possible mechanisms of antifungal resistance development and their effect on virulence in order to optimize antifungal treatment strategies in the clinical setting. Our results revealed that the prolonged exposure to azoles resulted not only in azole resistance but also in cross-resistance development. Our data further indicate that resistance development may occur through different mechanisms that can also alter the virulence of C. parapsilosis . These results highlight the consequences of prolonged drug usage and suggest the need for developing alternative antifungal treatment strategies in clinical practice.
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In C. parapsilosis, mutations in ERG3 have been reported in strains resistant to azoles and echinocandins.
“In the related pathogen Candida parapsilosis, mutations in ERG3 have been reported in strains resistant to azoles and echinocandins80.”
From Molecular mechanisms governing antifungal drug resistance (2023) · cites this paper as [80]
ERG3 mutations leading to depletion of ergosterol and accumulation of less toxic sterols when ERG11 is inhibited have been implicated in cross-resistance between azoles and polyenes in S. cerevisiae and C. albicans and between echinocandins and azoles in C. parapsilosis.
“ERG3 mutations leading to the depletion of ergosterol and the accumulation of less toxic sterols when ERG11 is inhibited have been implicated in cross-resistance between azoles and polyenes in S. cerevisiae and C. albicans40, 41, 42, 43 and between echinocandins and azoles in C. parapsilosis.44,45”
From Narrow mutational signatures drive acquisition of multidrug resistance in the fungal pathogen Candida glabrata (2021) · cites this paper as [45]
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Yin, Y., Lu, W., Zhao, M., & Zhao, Y. (2026) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof12100728
- Authors
- Papp, C., Bohner, F., Kocsis, K., Varga, M., Szekeres, A., Bodai, L., Willis, J. R., Gabaldón, T., Tóth, R., Nosanchuk, J. D., Vágvölgyi, C., & Gácser, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Szeged (HU)
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (ES)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ES)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gácser, Attila
- ORCID
- Venue
- mSphere
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2020-10-28
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 5
- ISSN
- 2379-5042 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7593601
- OpenAlex
- W3097824442
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9
- FWCI
- 0.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- mSphere (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SZTE Publicatio Repozitórium (University of Szeged) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- GINOP (GINOP-2.3.2.-15-2016-00035)
- Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (BO/00522/19/8, LP2018-15/2018)
- Magyarország Kormánya (3/2018/FEKUSTRAT)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Keywords
- Candida parapsilosis, azole resistance, fluconazole, cross-resistance, antifungal resistance, stress response, virulence
- MeSH terms
- Candida parapsilosis, Animals, Antifungal Agents, Candidiasis, Female, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Stress, Physiological, Triazoles, Evolution, Molecular, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Mice
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