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Cited by 377Paleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsGeochemistry and Elemental AnalysisGeological and Geochemical Analysis

Secular change in the Precambrian silica cycle: insights from chert petrology

Maliva, Robert G., Knoll, Andrew H., Simonson, Bruce M.·2005·Geological Society of America Bulletin
DOI 10.1130/b25555.1
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Abstract

Research Article| July 01, 2005 Secular change in the Precambrian silica cycle: Insights from chert petrology Robert G. Maliva; Robert G. Maliva 1Camp Dresser and McKee, Inc., 9311 College Parkway, Suite 1, Fort Myers, Florida 33919, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Andrew H. Knoll; Andrew H. Knoll 2Botanical Museum, Harvard University, 24 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Bruce M. Simonson Bruce M. Simonson 3Department of Geology, Oberlin College, 52 West Lorain Street, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Robert G. Maliva 1Camp Dresser and McKee, Inc., 9311 College Parkway, Suite 1, Fort Myers, Florida 33919, USA Andrew H. Knoll 2Botanical Museum, Harvard University, 24 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA Bruce M. Simonson 3Department of Geology, Oberlin College, 52 West Lorain Street, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, USA Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 05 Jan 2004 Revision Received: 03 Sep 2004 Accepted: 03 Jan 2005 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2674 Print ISSN: 0016-7606 Geological Society of America GSA Bulletin (2005) 117 (7-8): 835–845. https://doi.org/10.1130/B25555.1 Article history Received: 05 Jan 2004 Revision Received: 03 Sep 2004 Accepted: 03 Jan 2005 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Robert G. Maliva, Andrew H. Knoll, Bruce M. Simonson; Secular change in the Precambrian silica cycle: Insights from chert petrology. GSA Bulletin 2005;; 117 (7-8): 835–845. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B25555.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract Chert deposits preserve a record of secular change in the oceanic silica cycle. The evolutionary radiation of silica-secreting organisms resulted in a transition from abiological silica deposition, characteristic of the Archean and Proterozoic eons, to the predominantly biologically controlled silica deposition of the Phanerozoic. Comparative petrography of Phanerozoic and Precambrian cherts indicates that an earlier change in chert deposition occurred toward the end of the Paleoproterozoic era (ca. 1.8 Ga). In Neoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic strata, early diagenetic chertification is largely restricted to peritidal environments. These early diagenetic cherts typically occur as nodules or discontinuous beds within carbonate deposits that have similar depositional textures. The cherts formed primarily by carbonate replacement with subsidiary direct silica precipitation. Some of the Paleoproterozoic cherts associated with iron formations, however, are distinctly different from younger cherts and appear to have formed largely by direct silica precipitation at or just below the seabed. These primary cherts lack ghosts or inclusions of carbonate precursors, have fine-scale grain fracturing (possibly from syneresis), exhibit low grain-packing densities, and are not associated with unsilicified carbonate deposits of similar depositional composition. Cherts in some Paleoproterozoic iron formations (e.g., the Gunflint Formation, northwestern Lake Superior region) are composed of silica types similar to those in Phanerozoic sinters (e.g., the Devonian Rhynie and Windyfield cherts, Scotland). Such cherts may provide evidence that basinal, and perhaps global, oceanic silica concentrations were higher during the Paleoproterozoic era than at later times. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

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  • The Archaean ocean had significantly elevated concentrations of dissolved silica, at least as high as saturation with cristobalite (0.67 mM at 40°C in seawater), between 0.5 and 1.5 mM for Fe(III)-Si gels, or as high as 2.20 mM for amorphous silica.

    “Similar to Fe(II), the Archaean ocean had significantly elevated concentrations of dissolved silica, at least as high as at saturation with cristobalite (0.67 mM at 40 o C in seawater), between 0.5 and 1.5 mM for Fe(III)-Si gels, depending on the Fe/Si ratio, or as high as 2.20 mM for amorphous silica (Siever, 1992; Maliva et al., 2005; Konhauser et al., 2007a; Zheng et al., 2016).”

    From Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history (2017) · cites this paper as Maliva et al., 2005

  • Silica concentrations in Precambrian seawater were high (~1 to 2 mM).

    “Silica concentrations in Precambrian seawater are estimated to have been high (~1 to 2 mM), assuming control by the solubility of amorphous silica and sorption to silicate minerals (Maliva et al., 2005)”

    From Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history (2017) · cites this paper as Maliva et al., 2005

  • Most abiogenic cherts formed in the Precambrian, when seawater silica was high because no biological sink existed.

    “Abiogenic cherts are predominantly formed in the Precambrian due to high marine silica concentrations in the absence of a biological sink (Siever, 1992;Maliva et al., 2005).”

    From Trace elements at the intersection of marine biological and geochemical evolution (2016) · cites this paper as Maliva et al., 2005

  • The appearance of silica biomineralization (e.g. hexactinellid sponges and radiolarian rhizopods) is predicted to have reduced oceanic silica concentrations.

    “In addition, the appearance of silica biomineralization (e.g. hexactinellid sponges and radiolarian rhizopods; Bengtson, 2004) is predicted to have reduced oceanic silica concentrations (Perry & Lefticariu, 2003; Maliva et al., 2005).”

    From Remarkable preservation of microbial mats in Neoproterozoic siliciclastic settings: Implications for Ediacaran taphonomic models (2009) · cites this paper as Maliva et al., 2005

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Authors
Maliva, R. G., Knoll, A. H., & Simonson, B. M.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Oberlin College (US)
ORCID
Venue
Geological Society of America Bulletin
Publisher
Geological Society of America
Published
2005
Volume
117
Issue
7
Pages
835
ISSN
0016-7606 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1130/b25555.1
OpenAlex
W2167003868
Cited by
377
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 14
FWCI
4.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Geological Society of America Bulletin (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Keywords
silica cycling, Precambrian, chert, silica solubility, paleoceanography, paleochemistry, Precambrian tectonics, Precambrian volcanism, Precambrian sedimentation, Precambrian atmosphere

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