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Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: mechanisms and clinical implications

Iredell, Jon, Brown, Jeremy, Tagg, Kaitlin·2016·BMJ

Abstract

Resistance of the Enterobacteriaceae to antibiotics, especially of the β lactam type, is increasingly dominated by the mobilization of continuously expressed single genes that encode efficient drug modifying enzymes. Strong and ubiquitous selection pressure has seemingly been accompanied by a shift from "natural" resistance, such as inducible chromosomal enzymes, membrane impermeability, and drug efflux, to the modern paradigm of mobile gene pools that largely determine the epidemiology of modern antibiotic resistance. In this way, antibiotic resistance is more available than ever before to organisms such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that are important causes of major sepsis. Modulation of the phenotype by host bacteria makes gene transmission less obvious and may in part explain why tracking and control of carbapenem resistance has been particularly problematic in the Enterobacteriaceae. This review discusses the underlying principles and clinical implications of the mobility and fixation of resistance genes and the exploitable opportunities and potential threats arising from apparent limitations on diversity in these mobile gene pools. It also provides some illustrative paradoxes and clinical corollaries, as well as a summary of future options.

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Metadata

Authors
Iredell, J., Brown, J., & Tagg, K.
Venue
BMJ
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2016-02-08
Volume
352
Pages
h6420
ISSN
1756-1833 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2273170195
Cited by
392
References
8
FWCI
12.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: mechanisms and clinical implications. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1136/bmj.h6420
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Iredell, J., Brown, J., & Tagg, K. (2016). Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: mechanisms and clinical implications. BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h6420

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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