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Cited by 521

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Association between active commuting and incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality: prospective cohort study

Open access
Celis-Morales, Carlos A, Lyall, Donald M, Welsh, Paul, Anderson, Jana, Steell, Lewis, Guo, Yibing, Maldonado, Reno, Mackay, Daniel F, Pell, Jill P, Sattar, Naveed, Gill, Jason M R·2017·BMJ
DOI 10.1136/bmj.j1456
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Abstract

Objective To investigate the association between active commuting and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all cause mortality. Design Prospective population based study. Setting UK Biobank. Participants 263 450 participants (106 674 (52%) women; mean age 52.6), recruited from 22 sites across the UK. The exposure variable was the mode of transport used (walking, cycling, mixed mode v non-active (car or public transport)) to commute to and from work on a typical day. Main outcome measures Incident (fatal and non-fatal) CVD and cancer, and deaths from CVD, cancer, or any causes. Results 2430 participants died (496 were related to CVD and 1126 to cancer) over a median of 5.0 years (interquartile range 4.3-5.5) follow-up. There were 3748 cancer and 1110 CVD events. In maximally adjusted models, commuting by cycle and by mixed mode including cycling were associated with lower risk of all cause mortality (cycling hazard ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval 0.42 to 0.83, P=0.002; mixed mode cycling 0.76, 0.58 to 1.00, P<0.05), cancer incidence (cycling 0.55, 0.44 to 0.69, P<0.001; mixed mode cycling 0.64, 0.45 to 0.91, P=0.01), and cancer mortality (cycling 0.60, 0.40 to 0.90, P=0.01; mixed mode cycling 0.68, 0.57 to 0.81, P<0.001). Commuting by cycling and walking were associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence (cycling 0.54, 0.33 to 0.88, P=0.01; walking 0.73, 0.54 to 0.99, P=0.04) and CVD mortality (cycling 0.48, 0.25 to 0.92, P=0.03; walking 0.64, 0.45 to 0.91, P=0.01). No statistically significant associations were observed for walking commuting and all cause mortality or cancer outcomes. Mixed mode commuting including walking was not noticeably associated with any of the measured outcomes. Conclusions Cycle commuting was associated with a lower risk of CVD, cancer, and all cause mortality. Walking commuting was associated with a lower risk of CVD independent of major measured confounding factors. Initiatives to encourage and support active commuting could reduce risk of death and the burden of important chronic conditions.

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Metadata

Authors
Celis-Morales, C. A., Lyall, D. M., Welsh, P., Anderson, J., Steell, L., Guo, Y., Maldonado, R., Mackay, D. F., Pell, J. P., Sattar, N., & Gill, J. M. R.
Venue
BMJ
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2017-04-19
Volume
357
Pages
j1456
ISSN
  • 1756-1833 (ISSN-L)
  • 0959-8138
DOI
10.1136/bmj.j1456
OpenAlex
W2607480509
Cited by
521
References
29
FWCI
86.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Association between active commuting and incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality: prospective cohort study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1136/bmj.j1456
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Celis-Morales, C. A., Lyall, D. M., Welsh, P., Anderson, J., Steell, L., Guo, Y., Maldonado, R., Mackay, D. F., Pell, J. P., Sattar, N., & Gill, J. M. R. (2017). Association between active commuting and incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality: prospective cohort study. BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j1456

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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