Impact of a short version of the CONSORT checklist for peer reviewers to improve the reporting of randomised controlled trials published in biomedical journals: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Transparent and accurate reporting is essential for readers to adequately interpret the results of a study. Journals can play a vital role in improving the reporting of published randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We describe an RCT to evaluate our hypothesis that asking peer reviewers to check whether the most important and poorly reported CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) items are adequately reported will result in higher adherence to CONSORT guidelines in published RCTs. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Manuscripts presenting the primary results of RCTs submitted to participating journals will be randomised to either the intervention group (peer reviewers will receive a reminder and short explanation of the 10 most important and poorly reported CONSORT items; they will be asked to check if these items are reported in the submitted manuscript) or a control group (usual journal practice). The primary outcome will be the mean proportion of the 10 items that are adequately reported in the published articles. Peer reviewers and manuscript authors will not be informed of the study hypothesis, design or intervention. Outcomes will be assessed in duplicate from published articles by two data extractors (at least one blinded to the intervention). We will enrol eligible manuscripts until a minimum of 83 articles per group (166 in total) are published. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This pragmatic RCT was approved by the Medical Sciences Interdivisional Research Ethics Committee of the University of Oxford (R62779/RE001). If this intervention is effective, it could be implemented by all medical journals without requiring large additional resources at journal level. Findings will be disseminated through presentations in relevant conferences and peer-reviewed publications. This trial is registered on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/c4hn8).
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Various strategies to increase the use of reporting guidelines and improve reporting have been proposed.
“Various strategies to increase the use of reporting guidelines and improve reporting have been proposed.”
From The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [66]
Various strategies to increase the use of reporting guidelines and improve reporting have been proposed.
“Various strategies to increase the use of reporting guidelines and improve reporting have been proposed.”
From The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [66]
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- Authors
- Speich, B., Schroter, S., Briel, M., Moher, D., Puebla, I., Clark, A., Maia Schlüssel, M., Ravaud, P., Boutron, I., & Hopewell, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Basel (CH)
- BMJ Group (United Kingdom) (GB)
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Public Library of Science (US)
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Inserm (FR)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Speich, Benjamin
- ORCID
- Venue
- BMJ Open
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2020-03
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e035114
- ISSN
- 2044-6055 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7103787
- OpenAlex
- W3006856936
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 3.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMJ Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Cancer Research UK
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (P300PB_177933)
- University of Ottawa
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Academic Publishing and Open Access
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Academic Writing and Publishing
- Keywords
- CONSORT checklist, reporting quality, randomized controlled trials, peer reviewers, peer review, reporting guidelines adherence, biomedical journals
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Peer Review, Research, Checklist
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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