Changes in the expression of intestinal iron transport and hepatic regulatory molecules explain the enhanced iron absorption associated with pregnancy in the rat
Open accessAbstract
Background: Iron absorption increases during pregnancy to cater for the increased iron requirements of the growing fetus. Aims: To investigate the role of the duodenal iron transport molecules and hepatic regulatory molecules in coordinating the changes in iron absorption observed during pregnancy. Methods: Rats at various days of gestation and 24–48 hours post-partum were examined for hepatic expression of hepcidin, transferrin receptors 1 and 2, and HFE (the gene mutated in the most prevalent form of hereditary haemochromatosis), and duodenal expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), duodenal cytochrome b (Dcytb), iron regulated mRNA (Ireg1), and hephaestin (Hp) by ribonuclease protection assay, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Results: Decreased hepatic non-haem iron and transferrin saturation and increased expression of transferrin receptor 1 in the liver indicated a progressive reduction in maternal body iron stores during pregnancy. Duodenal expression of the iron transport molecules DMT1, Dcytb, and Ireg1 increased during pregnancy, and this corresponded with a reduction in hepcidin, HFE, and transferrin receptor 2 expression in the liver. Expression of all molecules returned towards control values by 24–48 hours post-partum. Conclusions: These data indicate that increased expression of key iron transport molecules is responsible for the elevated iron absorption associated with pregnancy, and implicate hepcidin, HFE, and transferrin receptor 2 in determining how the maternal iron homeostatic machinery responds to the increased iron demands accompanying gestation.
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For the developing fetus, maternal circulation is the only source of iron.
“Maternal circulation constitutes the only source of iron for the developing fetus (11), and maternal iron intake can in fl uence both the mother ' s iron status and her child ' s status (47) during brain development.”
From Maternal Intake of Supplemental Iron and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2014) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Millard, K. N., Frazer, D. M., Wilkins, S. J., & Anderson, G. J.
- Affiliations
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Anderson, G J
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2004-04-13
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 655-660
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- PMC
- PMC1774057
- OpenAlex
- W2040132197
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Keywords
- iron absorption, pregnancy, iron homeostasis, hepcidin, HFE gene, transferrin receptor 1, transferrin receptor 2, DMT1, duodenal cytochrome b, hephaestin, maternal iron stores, duodenum, liver
- MeSH terms
- Hemochromatosis Protein, Solute Carrier Family 11, Member 2, Animals, Duodenum, Female, Homeostasis, Intestinal Absorption, Iron, Liver, Membrane Proteins, Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Animal, Receptors, Transferrin, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides, Cation Transport Proteins, Iron-Binding Proteins, Rats, Hepcidins
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