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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 80 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Research methods used in developing and applying quality indicators in primary care

Open access
Campbell, S M·2002·Quality and Safety in Health Care

Abstract

Quality indicators have been developed throughout Europe primarily for use in hospitals, but also increasingly for primary care. Both development and application are important but there has been less research on the application of indicators. Three issues are important when developing or applying indicators: (1). which stakeholder perspective(s) are the indicators intended to reflect; (2). what aspects of health care are being measured; and (3). what evidence is available? The information required to develop quality indicators can be derived using systematic or non-systematic methods. Non-systematic methods such as case studies play an important role but they do not tap in to available evidence. Systematic methods can be based directly on scientific evidence by combining available evidence with expert opinion, or they can be based on clinical guidelines. While it may never be possible to produce an error free measure of quality, measures should adhere, as far as possible, to some fundamental a priori characteristics (acceptability, feasibility, reliability, sensitivity to change, and validity). Adherence to these characteristics will help maximise the effectiveness of quality indicators in quality improvement strategies. It is also necessary to consider what the results of applying indicators tell us about quality of care.

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Metadata

Authors
Campbell, S. M.
Venue
Quality and Safety in Health Care
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2002-12-01
Volume
11
Issue
4
Pages
358-364
ISSN
  • 1475-3898 (ISSN-L)
  • 1475-3901
OpenAlex
W1973368209
Cited by
687
References
80
FWCI
17.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Research methods used in developing and applying quality indicators in primary care. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1136/qhc.11.4.358
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Campbell, S. M. (2002). Research methods used in developing and applying quality indicators in primary care. Quality and Safety in Health Care. https://doi.org/10.1136/qhc.11.4.358

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.