Lung function and mortality in the United States: data from the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey follow up study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: A study was undertaken to define the risk of death among a national cohort of US adults both with and without lung disease. METHODS: Participants in the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) followed for up to 22 years were studied. Subjects were classified using a modification of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) into the following mutually exclusive categories using the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV(1)/FVC ratio, and the presence of respiratory symptoms: severe COPD, moderate COPD, mild COPD, respiratory symptoms only, restrictive lung disease, and no lung disease. Proportional hazard models were developed that controlled for age, race, sex, education, smoking status, pack years of smoking, years since quitting smoking, and body mass index. RESULTS: A total of 1301 deaths occurred in the 5542 adults in the cohort. In the adjusted proportional hazards model the presence of severe or moderate COPD was associated with a higher risk of death (hazard ratios (HR) 2.7 and 1.6, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.1 to 3.5 and 1.4 to 2.0), as was restrictive lung disease (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.4 to 2.0). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of both obstructive and restrictive lung disease is a significant predictor of earlier death in long term follow up.
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Pulmonary function impairment is a predictor for morbidity and mortality and may promote the development of multiple disease processes.
“Longitudinal studies have illustrated that pulmonary function impairment is a predictor for morbidity and mortality and may promote the development of multiple disease processes (1, 2).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
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- Authors
- Mannino, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mannino, D M
- ORCID
- Mannino, D M
- Venue
- Thorax
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2003-05-01
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 388-393
- ISSN
- 0040-6376 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1746680
- OpenAlex
- W2164945400
- Cited by
- 639
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 19.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Thorax (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Keywords
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, restrictive lung disease, lung function, mortality, FEV1, forced vital capacity, FEV1/FVC ratio, respiratory symptoms, smoking, long-term follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Forced Expiratory Volume, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking, United States, Vital Capacity, Cohort Studies, Body Mass Index, Survival Rate, Proportional Hazards Models, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
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