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Tectono-thermal evolution of deep crust in a Mesoproterozoic continental collision setting: the Manicouagan example
Abstract
High-pressure metamorphic rocks in continental collision belts provide important information on the orogenic evolution of deep crust. In the Grenville Province, a prime example is the Manicouagan Imbricate Zone (MIZ), a Mesoproterozoic crustal section that was metamorphosed up to 1800 MPa and 850-950°C at ~1050 Ma. High temperatures and the presence of synmetamorphic within-plate tholeiitic gabbro intrusion in the MIZ attest to thermal perturbation during burial and emplacement of mantle-derived melts, consistent with thinning of lithospheric mantle. Subsequently, the MIZ was extruded by a combination of northwest-directed thrusting over a crustal-scale ramp and extension at higher crustal levels. In the middle MIZ, extension was coeval with thrusting, but perpendicular to the thrust direction, and was apparently controlled by ductility contrasts between slices. In contrast, the highest levels show evidence of southeast-directed extension, i.e., of opposite sense to the thrust direction, that postdated thrusting within the MIZ. This episode was followed by renewed northwest-directed thrusting of medium-pressure Mesoproterozoic units over the MIZ, and then by final southeast-directed extension. Overall configuration of the MIZ was achieved between ~1040-990 Ma and is consistent with outward propagation of the orogen. Alternating periods of thrusting and extension displacement are a likely result of adjustments permitting maintenance of dynamic equilibrium within the advancing stack. The tectonothermal characteristics of the MIZ allow comparison between the Grenville Province and younger, thermally perturbed orogens (i.e., Variscan Belt) and may be the final product of a Tibetan Plateau style evolution.
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Both Lelukuau and Tshenukutish terranes consist primarily of Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic metaplutonic rocks that formed at ~1690-1630 Ma and ~1450 Ma.
“Both terranes consist primarily of Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic metaplutonic rocks that formed at c45 1690-1630 Ma and c45 1450 Ma (Indares et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Indares et al. 2000
Lelukuau and Tshenukutish terranes contain widespread evidence of HP granulite- and subordinate eclogite-facies assemblages in rocks with protolith ages varying from ~1620 Ma to 1170 Ma.
“Lelukuau and Tshenukutish terranes contain widespread evidence of HP granulite- and subordinate eclogite-facies assemblages in rocks with protolith ages varying from c45 1620 Ma to 1170 Ma (Indares et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Indares et al. 2000
Lelukuau terrane, at the structural base of the Manicouagan Imbricate zone, consists of a stack of thrust slices (the Manicouagan thrust system) bounded by generally southeast-dipping shear zones.
“Lelukuau terrane, at the structural base of the Manicouagan Imbricate zone, consists of a stack of thrust slices (the Manicouagan thrust system) bounded by generally southeast-dipping shear zones (Indares et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Indares et al. 2000
Subordinate Mesoproterozoic plutonic units with ages ranging from 1300 to 1020 Ma are known in Lelukuau and Tshenukutish terranes, including several bodies of ~1214-1160 Ma Fe-Ti gabbro and anorthosite.
“Subordinate Mesoproterozoic plutonic units with ages ranging from 1300 to 1020 Ma are known, including several bodies of c45 1214-1160 Ma Fe-Ti gabbro and anorthosite.”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Indares et al. 2000
Maximum estimated P-T conditions in Lelukuau and Tshenukutish terranes, where garnet-kyanite clinopyroxenite and subordinate true eclogite are widespread, are similar to those for Molson Lake terrane, in the range 1400 to 1900 MPa and 770 to 920°C.
“Maximum estimated P-T conditions in Lelukuau and Tshenukutish terranes, where garnet-kyanite clinopyroxenite and subordinate true eclogite are widespread, are similar to those for Molson Lake terrane, in the range 1400 to 1900 MPa and 770 to 920°C (Indares 1997; Cox and Indares 1999 a , 1999 b ; Indares et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Indares et al. 2000
The unroofing of HP rocks in the central Grenville Province was probably along steep P-T gradients.
“probably along steep P-T gradients (Indares et al. 2000)”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Indares et al. 2000
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pattison, D. R. M. (2003) · Journal of Metamorphic Geology · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1314.2003.00415.x · Cited by 191
The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation
Rivers, T., Ketchum, J., Indares, A., & Hynes, A. (2002) · Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1139/e02-025 · Cited by 124
Self-citationBédard, J. H., Brouillette, P., Madore, L., & Berclaz, A. (2003) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/s0301-9268(03)00181-5 · Cited by 118
The Grenville Province: revisiting the orogenic framework and integrating recent findings
Indares, A. (2025) · Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1139/cjes-2023-0143 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Indares, A., Dunning, G., & Cox, R.
- Affiliations
- Memorial University of Newfoundland (CA)
- ORCID
- Indares, Aphrodite
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2000-04-02
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 325-340
- ISSN
- 0008-4077 (ISSN-L)
- 1480-3313
- OpenAlex
- W2104917285
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological Studies and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Keywords
- deep crust, tectonothermal evolution, high-pressure metamorphism, Grenville Province, mantle-derived magma, thrusting, extension, imbricate structures, dynamic equilibrium
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