Geologic transect across the Grenville orogen of Ontario and New York
Abstract
Revised cross sections of the western Grenville Province incorporate new geologic results and reprocessed seismic reflection data. The geology is presented in terms of three tectonic elements: (1) "pre-Grenvillian Laurentia and its margin" with ca. 1740 and 1450 Ma continental arc plutons and associated supracrustal rocks; (2) "Composite Arc Belt" of allochthonous ~1300-1250 Ma volcanic arcs and sedimentary rocks; and (3) "Frontenac-Adirondack Belt" characterized by supracrustal and granitoid rocks, and anorthosites, of uncertain affinity, that may represent a distinctive part of the Composite Arc Belt or an offshore (micro)continent. Rocks of the Composite Arc and Frontenac-Adirondack belts were amalgamated with each other by ca. 1160 Ma, were then thrust over Laurentia during ca. 1080-1035 Ma and ca. 1010-980 Ma phases of convergence, and were dissected and exhumed by <1040 Ma normal faults. Penetrative deformation was restricted to that part of the pre-Grenvillian Laurentian margin that lies to the southeast of the Grenville front and parts of the accreted Composite Arc and Frontenac-Adirondack belts. The Laurentian rocks in the Grenville Province are bounded to the northwest and southeast by southeast-dipping ductile thrust and (or) normal shear zones. The Composite Arc and Frontenac-Adirondack belts to the southeast are bounded by ductile and brittle-ductile thrust and (or) normal faults that separate domains with contrasting cooling histories. Despite a long pre-Grenvillian tectonic and plutonic history, the present crustal architecture and much of the seismic reflectivity were acquired during 1080-980 Ma phases of compression and extension.
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With respect to the tectonic subdivision of Carr et al. (2000), the Parautochthonous, HP, and LP belts are all components of their 'Laurentia and Laurentian Margin.'
“With respect to the tectonic subdivision of Carr et al. (2000), the Parautochthonous, HP, and LP belts are all components of their 'Laurentia and Laurentian Margin.'”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. (2000)
The Frontenac-Adirondack belt and contiguous parts of the Composite Arc belt carry evidence for penetrative deformation and greenschist- to granulite-facies metamorphism at 1190-1140 Ma (Shawinigan orogeny), suggesting that they were amalgamated at that time.
“The Frontenac-Adirondack belt and contiguous parts of the Composite Arc belt carry evidence for penetrative deformation and greenschist- to granulite-facies metamorphism at 1190-1140 Ma (Shawinigan orogeny), suggesting that they were amalgamated at that time (Carr et al. 2000; Hanmer et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. 2000
Carr et al. (2000) subdivided the Allochthonous Monocyclic belt of Rivers et al. (1989) into the 'Composite Arc belt' and the 'Frontenac-Adirondack belt.'
“Carr et al. (2000) subdivided the Allochthonous Monocyclic belt of Rivers et al. (1989) into the 'Composite Arc belt' and the 'Frontenac-Adirondack belt.'”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. (2000)
The current geometry of the Composite Arc belt reflects principally thrusting and extension at c. 1080-1050 Ma.
“However, the current geometry of the belt reflects principally thrusting and extension at c45 1080-1050 Ma (Timmermann et al. 1997; Carr et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. 2000
The boundary between the Composite Arc belt and the structurally underlying units is a map-scale tectonic mélange referred to as the Composite Arc boundary thrust zone.
“The boundary between the Composite Arc belt and the structurally underlying units is a map-scale tectonic mélange referred to here as the Composite Arc boundary thrust zone (Fig. 2; formerly Central Metasedimentary Belt boundary thrust zone, Hanmer and Ciesielski 1984; renamed to be consistent with renaming of Central Metasedimentary belt to Composite Arc belt by Carr et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. 2000
Metamorphism in most of the Composite Arc belt took place during the Elzevirian orogeny, and metamorphism in the Frontenac part of the Frontenac-Adirondack belt took place in the Shawinigan orogeny.
“Structurally up-section to the south, metamorphism in most of the Composite Arc belt took place during the Elzevirian orogeny (except for the basal Composite Arc boundary thrust zone, noted earlier, and Mazinaw domain, which record late Ottawan ages of metamorphism, Corfu and Easton 1995), and metamorphism in the Frontenac part of the Frontenac-Adirondack belt took place in the Shawinigan orogeny”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. 2000
The pre-1300 Ma history of the Laurentian margin is absent in the Composite Arc and Frontenac-Adirondack belts.
“This pre-1300 Ma history of the Laurentian margin is absent in the Composite Arc and Frontenac-Adirondack belts (see also, e.g., Wodicka et al. 1996; Culshaw et al. 1997; Carr et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. 2000
The Parautochthonous, HP, and LP belts were (semi-)contiguous components of the southeastern margin of Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic prior to the Grenvillian collision.
“We therefore infer, with Carr et al. (2000), that the Parautochthonous, HP, and LP belts were (semi-)contiguous components of the southeastern margin of Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic prior to the Grenvillian collision.”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. (2000)
Earlier pre-Grenvillian and Grenvillian orogenic activity includes offshore(?) imbrication of the components of the Composite Arc belt during the c45 1250-1220 Ma Elzevirian orogeny, and imbrication of the Composite Arc belt with the Frontenac-Adirondack belt during the c45 1190-1140 Ma Shawinigan orogeny.
“Other earlier pre-Grenvillian and Grenvillian orogenic activity not shown in the figure includes the offshore(?) imbrication of the components of the Composite Arc belt during the c45 1250-1220 Ma Elzevirian orogeny, and imbrication of the Composite Arc belt with the FrontenacAdirondack belt during the c45 1190-1140 Ma Shawinigan orogeny (Carr et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. 2000
The province-wide Ottawa orogeny was a result of continent-continent collision.
“If the province-wide Ottawa orogeny was a result of continent-continent collision, as is commonly inferred (e.g., McLelland et al. 1996, 2001; Rivers 1997; Carr et al. 2000)”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Carr et al. 2000
Cites
Hanmer, S. K., & Ciesielski, A. (1984) · doi:10.4095/119568 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
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Dunn, S. R., Markley, M. J., Kotikian, M., Achenbach, K., Montanye, B., & Peck, W. H. (2019) · American Mineralogist · doi:10.2138/am-2019-6757 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Duesterhoeft, E., Raase, P., Duguet, M., & Easton, R. M. (2021) · Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1139/cjes-2019-0238 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationThe High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation
Rivers, T., Ketchum, J., Indares, A., & Hynes, A. (2002) · Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1139/e02-025 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
- Authors
- Carr, S. D., Easton, R. M., Jamieson, R. A., & Culshaw, N. G.
- Affiliations
- Carleton University (CA)
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2000-04-02
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 193-216
- ISSN
- 0008-4077 (ISSN-L)
- 1480-3313
- OpenAlex
- W2165925059
- Cited by
- 259
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 8.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological Studies and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Keywords
- Grenville orogen, Grenville Province, geological cross-sections, Laurentia, anorthosite, supracrustal rocks, normal faults, exhumation, thrust faulting, ductile shear zones, crustal structure, seismic reflectivity, accretion, Grenville Front, Ontario, New York
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