Cited by 54,751Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisEdible Oils Quality and AnalysisFood Nutrient Composition and Product Development

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J.·1959·Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology

DOI 10.1139/o59-099

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Abstract

Lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials. The entire procedure can be carried out in approximately 10 minutes; it is efficient, reproducible, and free from deleterious manipulations. The wet tissue is homogenized with a mixture of chloroform and methanol in such proportions that a miscible system is formed with the water in the tissue. Dilution with chloroform and water separates the homogenate into two layers, the chloroform layer containing all the lipids and the methanolic layer containing all the non-lipids. A purified lipid extract is obtained merely by isolating the chloroform layer. The method has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.

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A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES
Folch, J., Lees, M., & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)64849-5 · Cited by 65,189
PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE
Folch, J., Ascoli, I., Lees, M. B., Meath, J. A., & Lebaron, F. N. (1951) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55987-1 · Cited by 1,341
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Dyer, W. J., & Morton, M. L. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-007 · Cited by 69
Self-citation
Experimental Determination of Binodal Curves, Plait Points, and Tie Lines, in 50 Systems, each consisting of Water and Two Organic Liquids
Bonner, W. D. (1910) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150116a004 · Cited by 46
Acetone–Water Mixtures for the Extraction and Rapid Estimation of Fats of Biological Materials, Particularly Fish Products
Dambergs, N. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-045 · Cited by 18

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BANCROFT W., 1895, Phys. Iiev., 3, 1

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Unlocking Growth, Nutrition, and Pigmentation Potential of Chlorella sp., and Gonyostomum sp. Cultured in Cost‐Effective, Biological Waste‐Based Media
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Differential Effects of Liver Regeneration on Aging‐Related Changes in Gene Expression and Metabolic Function
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Impact of olive oil and different animal fats on tissue lipid profiles of C57PL/6N mice fed non-atherogenic diet
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“Plasma lipids were extracted 45 and the lipid profile was determined using a commercial enzyme kit available in the market.”
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Lai, N. H., Dang, T. H. N., Nguyen, T. T., et al. (2025) · Dermatology Research and Practice · doi:10.1155/drp/5385312 · Cited by 2
“Total lipid was extracted according to the method of Bligh and Dyer [42].”
Effect of Lemon Oil Nanoemulsion and Heat Treatment on Physical Properties and Lipid Quality Parameters of Fish Meat During Storage
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Effect of Sex and Age on Physicochemical and Technological Characteristics in the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum Muscle in Botucatu Rabbits
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“For the assessment of total lipid concentration, the procedure outlined by Bligh and Dyer [28] was employed.”
Identification and Nontargeted Screening of Phytosterol Esters in Oilseeds and Oils Based on Fragmentation Characteristics via Ultrahigh–Performance Liquid Chromatography High–Resolution Mass Spectrometry
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Effects of anti-gonadotropin-releasing factor vaccination and administration age on the meat characteristics of pork loins from finishing gilts
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“The IMF for fatty acid profile analysis was extracted from the ground meat samples using a mixture of chloroform and methanol following Bligh & Dyer (1959), and the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were prepared following Pojjanapornpun et al. (2018).”
Resource use of dusky and Galapagos sharks in response to fishing activities at a remote Pacific Island
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Characterization of the Lipid Profile of Immature and In Vitro Matured Cat Oocytes
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“Lipid extraction was performed in four pools of 12 – 15 oocytes per treatment (IM, CONT, and MIX) using the method of Bligh and Dyer (1959) with modifications based on chloroform ‐ methanol extraction.”
Supplement C18:1 in Culture Medium to Improve Survival Rate and Fermentation Activity of Lyophilization of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L9
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The stress response and removal mechanism of Chlorella vulgaris to sulfamethoxazole
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Unveiling metabolic diversity through phylogenetic analysis and carbohydrate composition of microalgae isolated from mangroves in Brazil
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Characterization of Mycobacterium antarcticum sp. nov., a psychrotolerant member of the genus Mycobacterium isolated from Antarctic soil
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“Total lipids were subsequently extracted from the cells using a modified method 16 after which quinones in the crude extract were purified using Sep-Pak plus silica (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA).”
Weathered microplastics alter deep sea benthic biogeochemistry and organic matter cycling: insights from a microcosm experiment
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Enhancing biomass and lipid productivity of Chlorella sp. BRE5 with surplus phosphorus supply implementing semi-continuous cultivation in the indoor and outdoor reactor system
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“Lipids were extracted using chloroform–methanol, and the lipid content of the replaced culture was quantified gravimet-rically using a modified method from Bligh and Dyer, which was described in our previous study (Nayak et al. 2016; Bligh And Dyer 1959).”
Volatile-mediated defense and metabolic responses in flowering tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) under serpentine leaf miner (Liriomyza trifolii) infestation
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“A modified Bligh and Dyer’s method was employed for total lipid extraction (Bligh and Dyer 1959; Christie 1993).”
Nitrogen removal and potential biomass resources utilization of newly isolated eight microalgal strains cultured in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants
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Conductive cooling and Moringa oleifera supplementation of heat stressed sows during late gestation and lactation alters the cheek cell lipidome of neonatal pigs
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“Total lipid extraction was performed through a neutral Bligh-Dyer method (37), following the protocol detailed in reference 38.”
Influence of freezing before or after hot-smoking on the quality and sensory attributes of canned deep-skinned Atlantic mackerel
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The potential of lipid droplets from the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as natural emulsions
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“Lipids were extracted with a modified Bligh and Dyer method (Bligh & Dyer, 1959; Davey et al., 2014) as described in Baumgartner et al. (2025).”
Influence of process parameters on single-cell oil production by Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus using response surface methodology
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“Lipid extraction was performed using a modified Bligh and Dyer protocol with two extraction steps employing methanol:chloroform (2:1 v/v) [23, 24].”
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“Chlo-roform and methanol were mixed in a volume-to-volume ratio of 1:2 to extract the fat (Bligh And Dyer 1959).”
Co-culturing with bacteria modulates fatty acid composition in benthic diatom biofilms for lipid-based biotechnologies: A case study of Amphora sp.
Gamage, D. G. N. D., Couzinet‐Mossion, A., Déléris, P., Delavat, F., Tirichine, L., Rabesaotra, V., Lebeau, T., Wielgosz‐Collin, G., & Méléder, V. (2025) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2025.104449 · Cited by 2
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Compositional and Physicochemical Characterization of Cashew Apple Bagasse ( Anacardium occidentale L.) as a Potential Lignocellulosic Feedstock
Barroso, T. L. C. T., Castro, L. E. N., Ferreira, V. C., Bragagnolo, F. S., Colpini, L. M. S., Rostagno, M. A., Goldbeck, R., & Forster‐Carneiro, T. (2025) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.5c11610 · Cited by 3
The Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Biochemical Composition of Cultivated Palmaria Palmata (Rhodophyta)
Semmouri, I., Vanhercke, S., Ferreira, A. S., Knoop, J., Clerck, O. D., Nunes, C., Coimbra, M. A., Mesquita, L. M. D. S., Ventura, S. P. M., Janssen, C., et al. (2025) · Marine Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s10126-025-10548-4 · Cited by 3
“Proximate total lipid content in the freeze-dried powder samples was obtained via the Bligh and Dyer (1959) methodology.”
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Authors: Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J.
Venue: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 1959-08-01
Volume: 37
Issue: 8
Pages: 911-917
ISSN: 0576-5544 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1139/o59-099
OpenAlex: W2152311269
Cited by: 54,751
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 1149 · 2025: 1534 · 2024: 1685 · 2023: 1749 · 2022: 1802 · 2021: 2073 · 2020: 2152 · 2019: 1870 · 2018: 1737 · 2017: 1784 · 2016: 1780 · 2015: 1800 · 2014: 1786 · 2013: 1758 · 2012: 1551
FWCI: 8.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)
Locations: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development
Keywords: lipid extraction, lipid purification, chloroform-methanol extraction, frozen fish, lipid degradation, fish muscle, tissue homogenization, rapid extraction method
MeSH terms: Fishes, Lipids

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

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