Cited by 54,751Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisEdible Oils Quality and AnalysisFood Nutrient Composition and Product Development

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J.·1959·Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology

DOI 10.1139/o59-099

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Abstract

Lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials. The entire procedure can be carried out in approximately 10 minutes; it is efficient, reproducible, and free from deleterious manipulations. The wet tissue is homogenized with a mixture of chloroform and methanol in such proportions that a miscible system is formed with the water in the tissue. Dilution with chloroform and water separates the homogenate into two layers, the chloroform layer containing all the lipids and the methanolic layer containing all the non-lipids. A purified lipid extract is obtained merely by isolating the chloroform layer. The method has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.

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A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES
Folch, J., Lees, M., & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)64849-5 · Cited by 65,189
PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE
Folch, J., Ascoli, I., Lees, M. B., Meath, J. A., & Lebaron, F. N. (1951) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55987-1 · Cited by 1,341
Storage of Frozen Plaice Fillets
Dyer, W. J., & Morton, M. L. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-007 · Cited by 69
Self-citation
Experimental Determination of Binodal Curves, Plait Points, and Tie Lines, in 50 Systems, each consisting of Water and Two Organic Liquids
Bonner, W. D. (1910) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150116a004 · Cited by 46
Acetone–Water Mixtures for the Extraction and Rapid Estimation of Fats of Biological Materials, Particularly Fish Products
Dambergs, N. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-045 · Cited by 18

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BANCROFT W., 1895, Phys. Iiev., 3, 1

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Engineering Escherichia coli for constitutive production of monophosphoryl lipid A vaccine adjuvant
Jin, H., Ji, Y., An, J., et al. (2024) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.28638 · Cited by 2
Performance Parameters of Paralarvae and Postparalarvae Rearing of Patagonian Red Octopus, Enteroctopus megalocyathus, under Experimental Conditions
Uriarte, Í., Hernández, M., Peñailillo, F., Montero, N., Gutiérrez‐Leyva, R., Araya, V., Espinoza, V., Hernández, J., Enríquez, R., Farı́as, A., et al. (2024) · Aquaculture Research · doi:10.1155/2024/2675578 · Cited by 2
“The total lipid content (TL) was obtained gravimetrically after the extraction of samples, following the protocol of Bligh and Dyer [28].”
Method
Actinoplanes oblitus sp. nov., producing the glycopeptide antibiotic A477
Yushchuk, O., Binda, E., Rückert, C., et al. (2024) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006225 · Cited by 2
Dietary Marine Oils Selectively Decrease Obesogenic Diet-Derived Carbonylation in Proteins Involved in ATP Homeostasis and Glutamate Metabolism in the Rat Cerebellum
Moreno, F. J., Méndez, L., Raner, A., Miralles‐Pérez, B., Romeu, M., Ramos‐Romero, S., Torres, J. L., & Medina, I. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13010103 · Cited by 2
“Lipid extraction for the analysis of cerebellum fatty acid profiles was performed according to the Bligh and Dyer method [37], using the extraction solvent dichlorometane: methanol: water in a 2:2:1 ratio ( v / v ).”
Method
Fictibacillus fluitans sp. nov., isolated from freshwater pond
Yadav, A., Maurya, A., Bhavsar, Y., et al. (2024) · Archives of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00203-023-03794-4 · Cited by 2
“Methanol/Chloroform/0.3% Sodium Chloride (2:1:0.8, by vol.) was used for the extraction of polar lipids (Bligh and Dyer 1959) in addition to the modifications of (Card 1973).”
Influential
A high fat to vitamin E ratio in the feed protects and improves uptake of the natural form of vitamin E in postweaning calves
Lashkari, S., Jensen, S. K., Foldager, L., et al. (2024) · Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition · doi:10.1111/jpn.13926 · Cited by 2
Biochemical and physicochemical properties of shrimp (Pandalus borealis) compounds after compact filter press process
Jafarpour, A., Queiroz, L. S., Casanova, F., et al. (2024) · JSFA reports · doi:10.1002/jsf2.182 · Cited by 2
RAPID DETECTION OF RAT MEAT ADULTERATION IN BEEF SAUSAGES USING FTIR‑ATR SPECTROSCOPY AND CHEMOMETRICS FOR HALAL AUTHENTICATION
Lestari, D., Syamsul, E. S., Wirnawati, et al. (2024) · International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics · doi:10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.21 · Cited by 2
Revisiting the isolation and characterisation of Entamoeba histolytica lipopeptidophosphoglycan
Nagode, A., Vanbeselaere, J., & Duchêne, M. (2024) · Parasitology Research · doi:10.1007/s00436-024-08149-6 · Cited by 2
“Most groups also include a delipidation step based on the lipid extraction method by Bligh and Dyer (Bligh and Dyer 1959).”
Method
Investigating the effect of supplementing different levels of Isochrysis galbana on in vitro rumen fermentation parameters
Salehian, Z., Behroozyar, H. K., Pirmohammadi, R., Ahmadifard, N., Almasi, H., & Ramin, M. (2024) · Animal Science Journal · doi:10.1111/asj.13929 · Cited by 2
Flavobacterium psychraquaticum sp. nov., isolated from water system of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts cultured in Chile
Avendaño-Herrera, R. E., Saldarriga-Córdoba, M., Poblete‐Morales, M., et al. (2024) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006309 · Cited by 2
“…Cells were harvested and resuspended in an isopropanol–water solution (1 : 1, v/v) for analysis at DSMZ Services (Leibinz – Institut DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturn GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany), following methods outlined by Bligh and Dyer [35] and Tindall et al. [36].”
Method
Technologies Used for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle-Omics
Chen, X., Zhu, N., Cai, T., et al. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-8365-0_7 · Cited by 2
Wide-Targeted Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Acidic Glycosphingolipids in Cell Lines and Urine to Develop Potential Screening Biomarkers for Renal Cell Carcinoma
Maekawa, M., Sato, T., Kanno, C., Sakamoto, I., Kawasaki, Y., Ito, A., & Mano, N. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25074098 · Cited by 3
“The supernatant was dried, redissolved in 100 µ L of 75% ethanol, and 50 µ L was used for GSL analysis.”
Method
Rethinking the basic action modes of herbal medicine and pondering classical standardization
Saifudin, A., Bahar, M. A., Hidayatullah, M. H., Norimoto, H., Tezuka, Y., & Tanaka, K. (2024) · Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology · doi:10.34172/jhp.2024.48269 · Cited by 4
Preparation of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) waste meal for human consumption
de Souza, M. L. R., Chambo, A. P. S., Bronharo, B. A., Vasconcellos, R. S., Khatlab, A. D. S., Matiucci, M. A., & Gasparino, E. (2024) · Ciência Rural · doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20220626 · Cited by 3
Remodeling of membrane lipid homeostasis in azole resistant isolates of Candida albicans
Usmani, S. A., Arya, K., Ali, B., Chandra, S., Chaturvedi, S., Bhardwaj, N., Prasad, R., & Singh, A. (2024) · Chemical Biology Letters · doi:10.62110/sciencein.cbl.2024.v11.658 · Cited by 3
Comparison of Changes in the Content of Plasma Membrane and Tonoplast Sterols under Oxidative and Osmotic Stress
Озолина, Н. В., Гурина, В. В., Kapustina, I. S., et al. (2023) · Биологические мембраны Журнал мембранной и клеточной биологии · doi:10.31857/s0233475523020056 · Cited by 2
The effect of liquid smoked flavourings and wood smoke on the quality of smoked mackerel fillets during chilled storage
Dang, H. T. T., Karlsdóttir, M. G., & Arason, S. (2024) · Tạp chí Khoa học - Công nghệ Thủy Sản Trường Đại học Nha Trang · doi:10.53818/jfst.01.2024.241 · Cited by 2
Low-Cost Technologies for AMF Inoculum Production Using Various Agro-Wastes and Other by-Products
Chourasiya, D., Gajghate, R., Prakash, A., et al. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-0296-1_7 · Cited by 2
Susceptibility of Leishmania to novel pentavalent organometallics: Investigating impact on DNA and membrane integrity in antimony(III)‐sensitive and ‐resistant strains
Islam, A., do Prado, B. R., Dittz, D., et al. (2024) · Drug Development Research · doi:10.1002/ddr.22194 · Cited by 2
HIF3A gene disruption causes abnormal alveoli structure and early neonatal death
Kawahata, T., Tanaka, K., Oyama, K., Ueda, J., Okamoto, K., & Makino, Y. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0300751 · Cited by 2
“Lipids were extracted from the lungs of P0 of each group by the Bligh and Dyer method [17].”
Valorization of the Salmon Frame as a High-Calcium Ingredient in the Formulation of Nuggets: Evaluation of the Nutritional and Sensory Properties
Matamala, C., García, P., Valencia, P. L., et al. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13111701 · Cited by 2
“The lipid content was determined using the Bligh–Dyer extraction method (1959) [30] , 75 to under Chilean g multiprocessor for approximately 30 s, then all the ingredients were mixed for about 5 min until complete nuggets with the addition of the food ingredient, salmon fillet (g) was replaced by…”
Method
Utilising a Clinical Metabolomics LC-MS Study to Determine the Integrity of Biological Samples for Statistical Modelling after Long Term −80 °C Storage: A TOFI_Asia Sub-Study
Joblin-Mills, A., Wu, Z. E., Sequeira, I. R., Miles-Chan, J. L., Poppitt, S. D., & Fraser, K. (2024) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo14060313 · Cited by 2
“Both lipids and polar metabolites were extracted from our Initial TOFI_Asia plasma samples simultaneously using the Bligh and Dyer biphasic method [35].”
Method
Exploring cotton SFR2’s conundrum in response to cold stress
Surber, S. M., Thao, N. P. T., Smith, C. N., et al. (2024) · Plant Signaling & Behavior · doi:10.1080/15592324.2024.2362518 · Cited by 2
Trypanosoma cruzi infection modulates secreted phospholipase A2 expression in the salivary glands of Rhodnius prolixus
de Araujo, M. F. C., Cardoso, L. S., Pereira, M. H., Pereira, M. G., & Atella, G. C. (2024) · Acta Tropica · doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107281 · Cited by 2
Enhancing circular economy: eco-friendly starch extraction and modification using fungal crude enzymatic extract from cocoa shell waste
Reis, N. D. S., Sampaio, I. C. F., Oliveira, P. C., et al. (2024) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-024-05849-y · Cited by 2
Rapid Movement of Palmitoleic Acid from Phosphatidylcholine to Phosphatidylinositol in Activated Human Monocytes
Arias, M. Á. B., Garrido, A., Pereira, L., et al. (2024) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom14060707 · Cited by 2
“Total lipids in the cell monolayers were extracted according to Bligh and Dyer [42].”
MethodInfluential
Corallococcus caeni sp. nov., a novel myxobacterium isolated from activated sludge
Tomita, S., Nakai, R., Kuroda, K., et al. (2024) · Archives of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00203-024-04037-w · Cited by 2
“Total lipids were extracted according to a previously reported procedure (Bligh and Dyer 1959), and the extracted quinones were purified using a Sep-Pak Plus silica column (Waters, Milford, MA, USA).”
Cell rupture by high-speed homogenization and by cold plasma to produce microbial lipids
Santiago, T. T. D. A., de Oliveira, J. R. M., Sala, L., et al. (2024) · Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1007/s43153-024-00484-6 · Cited by 2
“After the cell rupture process, lipids were extracted and quantified as proposed by Bligh and Dyer (1959) and modified by Manirakiza et al. (2001).”
Sphingobacterium tenebrionis sp. nov., isolated from intestine of mealworm
Zhang, C., Zhang, G., Chen, Y., et al. (2024) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006455 · Cited by 2
“Polar lipids were determined using 2D TLC [34].”
Technological and nutritional aspects of dark chocolate with added coffee husk flour
BORGES, M. V., Leite, C. X. D. S., Santos, I. A., et al. (2024) · Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira · doi:10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2024.v59.03484 · Cited by 2
Investigations into the role of platelet-activating factor in the peri-conception period of the mare
Lawson, E. F., Ghosh, A., Grupen, C. G., et al. (2024) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-24-0049 · Cited by 2
Multi‐omics analysis to evaluate the effects of solar exposure and a broad‐spectrum SPF50+ sunscreen on markers of skin barrier function in a skin ecosystem model
Jacques, C., Jamin, E. L., Noustens, A., Lauze, C., Jouanin, I., Doat, G., Debrauwer, L., Bessou‐Touya, S., Stockfleth, E., & Duplan, H. (2024) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/php.14001 · Cited by 2
“…the SC was recovered from the RHE using a classical trypsin digestion method and lipids were extracted according to the Bligh and Dyer procedure, 34 dried, and redissolved in a suitable volume of chloroform: methanol (2:1 v/v) for storage at −20°C. FFAs, cholesterol and its derivatives…”
Comparison of annual biosynthetic calorie productions by phytoplankton in different southern Korean bays
Jang, H. K., Kang, J. J., Lee, J., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2024.1367137 · Cited by 2
Biochemical characterization of the yeast biomass resulting from the winemaking processes
Efremova, N., Beşliu, A., Chiseliţa, N., et al. (2024) · Journal of Experimental and Molecular Biology · doi:10.47743/jemb-2024-179 · Cited by 2
Hematite Nanoparticle Mediated Enhancement of Chlorella minutissima Lipid Productivity for Sustainable Biodiesel Production
Pahariya, R., Chauhan, A. P. S., Ranjan, A., Basniwal, R. K., Upadhyay, S., Kataria, S., Tuli, H. S., Shahwan, M. J., Pathak, V. M., & Jindal, T. (2024) · Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences · doi:10.18006/2024.12(3).366.378 · Cited by 2

Authors: Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J.
Venue: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 1959-08-01
Volume: 37
Issue: 8
Pages: 911-917
ISSN: 0576-5544 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1139/o59-099
OpenAlex: W2152311269
Cited by: 54,751
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 1149 · 2025: 1534 · 2024: 1685 · 2023: 1749 · 2022: 1802 · 2021: 2073 · 2020: 2152 · 2019: 1870 · 2018: 1737 · 2017: 1784 · 2016: 1780 · 2015: 1800 · 2014: 1786 · 2013: 1758 · 2012: 1551
FWCI: 8.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)
Locations: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development
Keywords: lipid extraction, lipid purification, chloroform-methanol extraction, frozen fish, lipid degradation, fish muscle, tissue homogenization, rapid extraction method
MeSH terms: Fishes, Lipids

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

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