The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A web accessibility report card for top international university web sites
Abstract
University web pages play a central role in the activities of current and prospective postsecondary students. University sites that are not accessible may exclude people with disabilities from participation in educational, social and professional activities. In order to assess the current state of university web site accessibility, we performed a multi-method analysis of the home pages of 100 top international universities. Each site was analyzed for compliance with accessibility standards, image accessibility, alternate-language and text-only content, and quality of web accessibility statements. Results showed that many top universities continue to have accessibility problems. University web site accessibility also varies greatly across different countries and geographic regions. Remaining obstacles to universal accessibility for universities include low accessibility in non-English-speaking countries and absent or low-quality accessibility policies.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A study conducted to measure accessibility of Top 100 global University web pages (Kane et al., 2007).”
From Accessibility of Indian universities’ homepages: An exploratory study (2018) · cites this paper as Kane et al., 2007
In the citing paper
“In Top 100 University study and Malaysian University study, two web sites were observed with zero accessibility errors, at the time when the studies were conducted.”
From Accessibility of Indian universities’ homepages: An exploratory study (2018) · cites this paper as Kane et al., 2007
In the citing paper
“| Univ with zero errors | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |”
From Accessibility of Indian universities’ homepages: An exploratory study (2018) · cites this paper as Kane et al., 2007
In the citing paper
“| Total error count | 937 | 14935 | 82685 | 375989 |”
From Accessibility of Indian universities’ homepages: An exploratory study (2018) · cites this paper as Kane et al., 2007
Citations
Cites
Web content accessibility guidelines 1.0
Chisholm, W. A., Vanderheiden, G. C., & Jacobs, I. (2001) · interactions · doi:10.1145/379537.379550 · Cited by 987
The Internet Goes to College: How Students Are Living in the Future with Today's Technology.
Jones, S. (2002) · Cited by 685
Shneiderman, B. (2000) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/332833.332843 · Cited by 622
Improving web accessibility: a study of webmaster perceptions
Lazar, J. K., Dudley, A., & Greenidge, K.-D. (2003) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2003.10.018 · Cited by 353
Cockton, G., DRAPER, S. W., & Weir, G. R. S. (1994) · Cited by 277
Mankoff, J. C., Fait, H., & Tran, T. (2005) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/1054972.1054979 · Cited by 206
WebInSight: making web images accessible
Bigham, J. P., Kaminsky, R. S., Ladner, R. E., Danielsson, O. M., & Hempton, G. L. (2006) · Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility · doi:10.1145/1168987.1169018 · Cited by 161 · cited 2×
“We used WebInSight [ 3 ] to analyze web images and their alternate text on each of the English-language home pages.”
MethodSelf-citationThe use of guidelines to automatically verify Web accessibility
Abascal, J., Arrue, M., Fajardo, I., Garay-Vitoria, N., & Tom�s, J. (2004) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-003-0069-3 · Cited by 113
Richards, J. T., & Hanson, V. L. (2004) · International World Wide Web Conference (WWW) · doi:10.1145/988672.988683 · Cited by 110
Web accessibility at university libraries and library schools
Schmetzke, A. (2001) · Library Hi Tech · doi:10.1108/07378830110384584 · Cited by 108
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Guidelines are only half of the story: accessibility problems encountered by blind users on the web
Power, C., Freire, A., Petrie, H., & Swallow, D. (2012) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2207676.2207736 · Cited by 327
(2017) · doi:10.1145/2998181.2998364 · Cited by 258
How Blind People Interact with Visual Content on Social Networking Services
Voykinska, V., Azenkot, S., Wu, S., & Leshed, G. (2016) · ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) · doi:10.1145/2818048.2820013 · Cited by 190
Accessibility of Indian universities’ homepages: An exploratory study
Ismail, A., & Kuppusamy, K. S. (2018) · Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jksuci.2016.06.006 · Cited by 114
“Multi-method analysis of the homepages of top 100 international universities was used for analyzing the accessibility standards and its conformance levels, image accessibility, alternative languages and text-only content, quality of web accessibility statements (Kane et al., 2007).”
InfluentialExamining Image-Based Button Labeling for Accessibility in Android Apps through Large-Scale Analysis
Ross, A. S., Zhang, X., Fogarty, J., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2018) · Proceedings of the 20th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility · doi:10.1145/3234695.3236364 · Cited by 90
A heuristic checklist for an accessible smartphone interface design
Mi, N., Cavuoto, L. A., Benson, K., Smith‐Jackson, T. L., & Nussbaum, M. A. (2013) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-013-0321-4 · Cited by 94
Akgül, Y. (2020) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-020-00715-w · Cited by 93
A survey on the accessibility awareness of people involved in web development projects in Brazil
Freire, A. P., Russo, C. M., & Fortes, R. P. D. M. (2008) · International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A) · doi:10.1145/1368044.1368064 · Cited by 84
The accessibility of university web sites: the case of turkish universities
Kurt, S. (2011) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-010-0190-z · Cited by 77
İsmailova, R., & İnal, Y. (2017) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-017-0541-0 · Cited by 64
Moving toward a universally accessible web: Web accessibility and education
Kurt, S. (2017) · Assistive Technology · doi:10.1080/10400435.2017.1414086 · Cited by 68
How do professionals who create computing technologies consider accessibility?
Putnam, C., Wozniak, K., Zefeldt, M. J., Cheng, J., Caputo, M., & Duffield, C. (2012) · International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS) · doi:10.1145/2384916.2384932 · Cited by 59
Assessing the accessibility and usability of Malaysia Higher Education Website
Aziz, M. A., Isa, W. A. R. W. M., & Nordin, N. (2010) · International Conference on User Science and Engineering · doi:10.1109/iuser.2010.5716752 · Cited by 59
An Epidemiology-inspired Large-scale Analysis of Android App Accessibility
Ross, A. S., Zhang, X., Fogarty, J. A., & Wobbrock, J. O. (2020) · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing · doi:10.1145/3348797 · Cited by 56
Accessibility of academic library web sites in North America
Comeaux, D. J., & Schmetzke, A. (2013) · Library Hi Tech · doi:10.1108/07378831311303903 · Cited by 55
Universities of the Kyrgyz Republic on the Web: accessibility and usability
İsmailova, R., & Kimsanova, G. (2016) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-016-0481-0 · Cited by 55
Accessibility of South African university websites
Verkijika, S. F., & De Wet, L. (2020) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-018-0632-6 · Cited by 53
Web accessibility evaluation of top-ranking university Web sites in Spain, Chile and Mexico
Máñez-Carvajal, C., Cervera-Mérida, J. F., & Fernández-Piqueras, R. (2021) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-019-00702-w · Cited by 52
Turning manual web accessibility success criteria into automatic: an LLM-based approach
López-Gil, J.-M., & Pereira, J. (2025) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-024-01108-z · Cited by 50
Legal Requirements, Compliance and Practice: An Industry Case Study in Accessibility
Breaux, T. D., Antón, A. I., Boucher, K., & Dorfman, M. (2008) · IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE) · doi:10.1109/re.2008.36 · Cited by 49
Mehralian, F., Salehnamadi, N., & Malek, S. (2021) · ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE) · doi:10.1145/3468264.3468604 · Cited by 51
Accessibility of Turkish university Web sites
Kurt, S. (2016) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-016-0468-x · Cited by 44
Managing digital accessibility at universities during the COVID-19 pandemic
Lazar, J. K. (2021) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-021-00792-5 · Cited by 44
Freire, A. P., Russo, C. M., & Fortes, R. P. D. M. (2008) · New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia · doi:10.1080/13614560802624241 · Cited by 44
Evaluation of Web content accessibility in an Israeli institution of higher education
Laufer Nir, H., & Rimmerman, A. (2018) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-018-0615-7 · Cited by 42
Hilera, J. R., Sanz, L. F., Suárez, E., & Vilar, E. T. (2013) · Revista española de Documentación Científica · doi:10.3989/redc.2013.1.913 · Cited by 35
Designing inclusive interactions
Langdon, P., Clarkson, P. J., & Robinson, P. (2013) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-013-0289-0 · Cited by 35
Kimmons, R. (2017) · Journal of Computing in Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s12528-017-9151-3 · Cited by 34
Banking websites in India: an accessibility evaluation
Kaur, A., & Dani, D. (2014) · CSI Transactions on ICT · doi:10.1007/s40012-014-0040-x · Cited by 34
An Uninteresting Tour Through Why Our Research Papers Aren't Accessible
Bigham, J. P., Brady, E. L., Gleason, C., Guo, A., & Shamma, D. A. (2016) · Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2851581.2892588 · Cited by 34
Investigating the Accessibility of State Government Web Sites in Maryland
Lazar, J., Beavan, P., Brown, J., Coffey, D., Nolf, B., Poole, R. W., Turk, R., Waith, V., Wall, T., Weber, K., et al. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-84996-166-0_7 · Cited by 33
Kous, K., Kuhar, S., Pavlinek, M., Heričko, M., & Pušnik, M. (2020) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-020-00732-9 · Cited by 32
Macakoğlu, Ş. S., & Peker, S. (2022) · International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (ICHORA) · doi:10.1109/hora55278.2022.9799981 · Cited by 29
Website accessibility in Western Australian public libraries
Conway, V. (2011) · The Australian Library Journal · doi:10.1080/00049670.2011.10722582 · Cited by 27
Web Accessibility of the Top Research-Intensive Universities in the UK
Alim, S. (2021) · Sage Open · doi:10.1177/21582440211056614 · Cited by 45
“Several studies such as those by Kane et al. (2007), Kesswani and Kumar (2016), Parajuli and Eika (2020) and Thompson et al. (2010) have utilized manual extraction methods in their methodologies to explore the web accessibility of university homepages.”
BackgroundAccesibilidad web en el espacio universitario público argentino
Laitano, M. I. (2015) · Revista española de Documentación Científica · doi:10.3989/redc.2015.1.1136 · Cited by 27
Advanced IT Education for the Vision Impaired via e-Learning
Armstrong, H. L. (2009) · Journal of Information Technology Education Research · doi:10.28945/691 · Cited by 25
Accessibility Analysis of Educational Websites Using WCAG 2.0
Singh, U., Venkatesh, J. D., Muraleedharan, A., Saluja, K. S., Anamika, J. H., & Biswas, P. (2024) · Digital Government Research and Practice · doi:10.1145/3696318 · Cited by 34
Kuppusamy, K. S., & Balaji, V. (2021) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-021-00812-4 · Cited by 23
Evaluating Web Accessibility Metrics for Jordanian Universities
Wahbi, I., Heider, A., Izzat, M., & Mohammed, N. A. (2016) · International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications · doi:10.14569/ijacsa.2016.070716 · Cited by 23
Issues to Consider in Designing WebQuests: A Literature Review
Kurt, S. (2012) · Computers in the Schools · doi:10.1080/07380569.2012.704770 · Cited by 22
Bohman, P. (2021) · Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University) · doi:10.26076/b075-ba17 · Cited by 22
Wiki-Philosophizing in a Marketplace of Ideas: Evaluating Wikipedia's Entries on Seven Great MindsPreprint
Bragues, G. (2007) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.978177 · Cited by 20
Assessment of Web Content Accessibility Levels in Spanish Official Online Education Environments
Roig-Vila, R., Ferrández, S., & Ferri-Miralles, I. (2014) · International Education Studies · doi:10.5539/ies.v7n6p31 · Cited by 19
Evaluation of Accessibility of University Websites: A Case from Turkey
Yerlikaya, Z., & Onay Durdu, P. (2017) · Communications in Computer and Information Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58753-0_94 · Cited by 19
The Accessibility of Mobile Health Sensors for Blind Users
Milne, L. R., Bennett, C. L., & Ladner, R. E. (2014) · CSUN ScholarWorks (California State University, Northridge) · Cited by 19
Self-citationA survey of technology accessibility problems faced by older users in China
Yao, D., Qiu, Y., Huang, H., Du, Z., & Jian-qing, M. A. (2011) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-011-0222-3 · Cited by 19
Andrew, S., Bishop, C., & Tigwell, G. W. (2024) · Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies · doi:10.1145/3643539 · Cited by 22
A web accessibility assessment on the Texas public school system
May, S., & Zhu, Q. (2009) · Universal Access in the Information Society · doi:10.1007/s10209-009-0153-4 · Cited by 17
Andrew, S., & Tigwell, G. W. (2022) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3555588 · Cited by 15
Scanlon, E., Taylor, Z. W., Raible, J., Bates, J., & Chini, J. J. (2021) · International Journal of STEM Education · doi:10.1186/s40594-021-00282-3 · Cited by 13
Pribeanu, C., Marinescu, R.-D., Fogarassy-Neszly, P., & Gheorghe-Moisii, M. (2012) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 13
Website Builders Still Contribute To Inaccessible Web Design
Pillai, A., Shinohara, K., & Tigwell, G. W. (2022) · International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS) · doi:10.1145/3517428.3550368 · Cited by 12
The value chain for web accessibility : challenges and opportunities
Petrie, H., Power, C., Swallow, D., Velasco, C. A., Gallagher, B., Magennis, M., Murphy, E., Collin, S., & Down, K. (2011) · White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) · Cited by 12
Dani, D., & Agrawal, G. (2018) · International Journal of Information Technology · doi:10.1007/s41870-018-0119-y · Cited by 12
A survey of technology accessibility problems faced by older users in China
Yao, D., Qiu, Y., Du, Z., Jian-qing, M. A., & Huang, H. (2009) · International Web for All Conference (W4A) · doi:10.1145/1535654.1535659 · Cited by 12
Accessibility Analysis of Some Indian Educational Web Portals
Patra, M. R., & Dash, A. R. (2017) · International Journal of Computer Science Engineering and Applications · doi:10.5121/ijcsea.2017.7404 · Cited by 11
Potential Pricing Discrimination Due to Inaccessible Web Sites
Lazar, J. K., Wentz, B., Bogdan, M., Clowney, E., Davis, M., Guiffo, J., Gunnarsson, D., Hanks, D., Harris, J. P., Holt, B., et al. (2011) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-23774-4_11 · Cited by 11
Sabev, N., Georgieva-Tsaneva, G. N., & Bogdanova, G. T. (2020) · Journal of Accessibility and Design for All · doi:10.17411/jacces.v10i1.215 · Cited by 10
Towards real-time and large-scale web accessbility
Carvalho, L. P., Guerreiro, T., Lawson, S. W., & Montague, K. (2023) · International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS) · doi:10.1145/3597638.3608403 · Cited by 8
Rahmatizadeh, S., & Valizadeh-Haghi, S. (2018) · Journal of Accessibility and Design for All · doi:10.17411/jacces.v8i2.150 · Cited by 9
Integrating accessibility as a quality property in web developments
Cherfi, S. S.-S. (2013) · HAL · Cited by 8
Macakoğlu, Ş. S., Peker, S., Medeni, İ. T., & Medeni, T. D. (2022) · Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi · doi:10.17671/gazibtd.1066330 · Cited by 7
Quantifying the Cost of Web Accessibility Barriers for Blind Users
Griffith, M., Wentz, B., & Lazar, J. K. (2022) · Interacting with Computers · doi:10.1093/iwc/iwad004 · Cited by 7
Exploring the Accessibility of Crypto Technologies
Lyke, N., Gorman, B. M., & Tigwell, G. W. (2023) · CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA) · doi:10.1145/3544549.3585746 · Cited by 7
MİZANALI, S., & Henkoğlu, H. Ş. (2023) · Sakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Enstitüsü Dergisi · doi:10.47542/sauied.1247427 · Cited by 6
Peruvian Public Universities and the Accessibility of Their Websites
Alfaro, F. D. B., & Zapata, C. (2018) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91806-8_46 · Cited by 5
On Accessibility Policies for Higher Education Institutions
Brajnik, G., & Graca, S. (2018) · International Web for All Conference (W4A) · doi:10.1145/3192714.3192833 · Cited by 5
Making the Tree Fall Sound: Reporting Web Accessibility with the VaMoLà Monitor
Battistelli, M., Mirri, S., Muratori, L. A., Salomoni, P., & Spagnoli, S. (2011) · Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) · Cited by 4
Website quality of Malaysian Technical University
Jie, L. P., Ramlan, R., hassan, R. B., Omar, R., & Wei, C. S. (2020) · Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science · doi:10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1624-1628 · Cited by 4
Brobst, J. L. (2012) · ProQuest LLC eBooks · Cited by 4
Московкин, В. М., Munenge, S., Zhang, H., & Sadovski, M. V. (2021) · Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science · doi:10.22452/mjlis.vol26no2.3 · Cited by 3
A Review of Municipal Web sites for Accessibility: a Computer-aided Evaluation Approach
Pribeanu, C., & Fogarassy-Neszly, P. (2011) · Studies in Informatics and Control · doi:10.24846/v20i3y201107 · Cited by 3
Web Accessibility in Corporate Australia: Perceptions versus Reality
Brown, J., & Conway, V. (2012) · Australasian Journal of Paramedicine · Cited by 3
Web Accessibility Issues with Blackboard at Edith Cowan University
Conway, V. (2010) · Australasian Journal of Paramedicine · Cited by 2
Prantner, C. K. (2018) · Teaching Mathematics and Computer Science · doi:10.5485/tmcs.2018.0452 · Cited by 2
An epidemiology-inspired, large-scale analysis of mobile app accessibility
Ross, A. S. (2020) · ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing · doi:10.1145/3386402.3386408 · Cited by 2
Accessible Online Education: Audiovisual Translation and Assistive Technology at the Crossroads
Patiniotaki, E. (2014) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07440-5_36 · Cited by 2
Identificação de padrões de utilização da web mediada por tecnologias assistivas
de Santana, V. F. (2009) · doi:10.47749/t/unicamp.2009.445010 · Cited by 2
Um auxílio à navegação acessível na web para usuários cegos
Geraldo, R. J. (2017) · doi:10.11606/t.55.2017.tde-04012017-170558 · Cited by 2
Web accessibility of university websites in China: An empirical study
Liu, H., Sun, J., He, Z., Huang, H., Liu, X., & Nie, L. (2026) · Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences · doi:10.1007/s44443-026-00544-6 · Cited by 1
Adoption of Usability Evaluation Methods in Web Development
Shah, N. U. H. (2010) · Cited by 1
Accessibility difference in education-related websites from developing and developed countries
Singh, U., Venkatesh, J. D., & Biswas, P. (2023) · ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies · doi:10.52953/sbbu5539 · Cited by 1
Williams, A., Park, C., Dodhy, L. S., Pal, M., Dnyanmote, A. A., Lam, L., & Joo, S. (2024) · International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS) · doi:10.1145/3663548.3675610 · Cited by 1
Are American College Homepages Accessible? Does It Matter?
Siegfried, R. M., DiLallo, J. J., Breitwieser, P. J., Enriquez, M. C., & Stoll, R. D. (2010) · FECS · Cited by 1
A Case Study of Web Accessibility on Tamil Nadu Public School System
Rajkumar, N. S., Gohin, B., & Vinod, V. (2012) · IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science · Cited by 1
Hammood, M. M. (2019) · Tikrit Journal of Pure Science · doi:10.25130/j.v24i3.830 · Cited by 1
Web accessibility compliance for e-Government websites in the Gulf region
Saleem, M. (2016) · Australasian Journal of Paramedicine · Cited by 2
Scanlon, E. M., Taylor, Z., & Chini, J. J. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1907.02906 · Cited by 1
AN APPROACH TO TRAINING TEAMS FOR DEVELOPING ACCESSIBLE WEB APPLICATIONS
Bittar, T. J., Fortes, R. P. D. M., do Amaral, L. A., & Lobato, L. L. (2013) · CONTECSI - International Conference on Information Systems and Technology Management · doi:10.5748/9788599693094-10contecsi/ps-292
Integrating accessibility as a quality property in web developments
Reichling, M., & Cherfi, S. S.-S. (2013) · International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS) · doi:10.1109/rcis.2013.6577698
Optimizing university websites in terms of usability
Havinga, J. P. (2011)
Siegfried, R. M., & Featherston, J. G. (2014)
Accessibility Issues of Educational Web Sites
Kurt, S. (2011) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-61350-074-3.ch023
Design and Evaluation of a Universally Accessible Academic Course Search Portal
Sardroud, O. E., & Choi, Y. M. (2016) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41962-6_31
An Inclusive Method to Support the Web Accessibility Assessment and Awareness-Raising
Rocha, M. A. A., & Carneiro, G. D. A. S. (2020) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-2637-8.ch002
Unified Website Accessibility Assessment Framework
Altuntaş, Z., & Durdu, P. O. (2021) · Advances in web technologies and engineering book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-7848-3.ch006
Accessibility Issues of Educational Web Sites
Kurt, S. (2013) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-4422-9.ch004
Web Accessibility Analysis of Indonesia Inclusive Vocational High Schools
Iskandar, R., Setiadi, R. M. A., Septiyanto, A., & Tuntinakhongul, A. (2022) · doi:10.2991/978-2-494069-47-3_41 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Kane, S. K., Shulman, J. A., Shockley, T. J., & Ladner, R. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 2007 international cross-disciplinary conference on Web accessibility (W4A) - W4A '07
- Publisher
- ACM Press
- Published
- 2007
- Pages
- 148
- OpenAlex
- W2021735727
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
- Type
- conference abstract
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Web for All Conference (W4A) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Digital Accessibility for Disabilities
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Information Architecture and Usability
- Keywords
- web accessibility, university websites, accessibility compliance, image accessibility, multilingual content, accessibility statement, accessibility policy, people with disabilities, international universities, cross-national comparison
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review