Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,160

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

QuickTime VR: an image-based approach to virtual environment navigation

Open access
Chen, Shenchang Eric·1995·Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques - SIGGRAPH '95

Abstract

Traditionally, virtual reality systems use 3D computer graphics to model and render virtual environments in real-time.This approach usually requires laborious modeling and expensive special purpose rendering hardware.The rendering quality and scene complexity are often limited because of the real-time constraint.This paper presents a new approach which uses 360-degree cylindrical panoramic images to compose a virtual environment.The panoramic image is digitally warped on-the-fly to simulate camera panning and zooming.The panoramic images can be created with computer rendering, specialized panoramic cameras or by "stitching" together overlapping photographs taken with a regular camera.Walking in a space is currently accomplished by "hopping" to different panoramic points.The image-based approach has been used in the commercial product QuickTime VR, a virtual reality extension to Apple Computer's QuickTime digital multimedia framework.The paper describes the architecture, the file format, the authoring process and the interactive players of the VR system.In addition to panoramic viewing, the system includes viewing of an object from different directions and hit-testing through orientation-independent hot spots.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1145/218380.218395

Cites

17 of 17 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 17 references

Cited by

See all 1,160

Metadata

Authors
Chen, S. E.
Venue
Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques - SIGGRAPH '95
Publisher
ACM Press
Published
1995
Pages
29-38
OpenAlex
W2062737404
Cited by
1,160
References
17
FWCI
23.84
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: QuickTime VR: an image-based approach to virtual environment navigation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1145/218380.218395
The paper
Chen, S. E. (1995). QuickTime VR: an image-based approach to virtual environment navigation. Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques - SIGGRAPH '95. https://doi.org/10.1145/218380.218395

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.