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Cited by 21Digital Mental Health InterventionsEthics and Social Impacts of AISocial Robot Interaction and HRI

Reimagining Support: Exploring Autistic Individuals' Visions for AI in Coping with Negative Self-Talk

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Carik, Buse, Izaac, Victoria V, Ding, Xiaohan, Scarpa, Angela, Rho, Eugenia H·2025·Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
DOI 10.1145/3706598.3714287
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Abstract

Autistic individuals often experience negative self-talk (NST), leading to increased anxiety and depression. While therapy is recommended, it presents challenges for many autistic individuals. Meanwhile, a growing number are turning to large language models (LLMs) for mental health support. To understand how autistic individuals perceive AI’s role in coping with NST, we surveyed 200 autistic adults and interviewed practitioners. We also analyzed LLM responses to participants’ hypothetical prompts about their NST. Our findings show that participants view LLMs as useful for managing NST by identifying and reframing negative thoughts. Both participants and practitioners recognize AI’s potential to support therapy and emotional expression. Participants also expressed concerns about LLMs’ understanding of neurodivergent thought patterns, particularly due to the neurotypical bias of LLMs. Practitioners critiqued LLMs’ responses as overly wordy, vague, and overwhelming. This study contributes to the growing research on AI-assisted mental health support, with specific insights for supporting the autistic community.

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  • GenAI is very useful for autistic individuals who use GenAI to formulate emails, deal with conflicts, prepare for conversations with supervisors and colleagues, and even when trying to understand their own and others' emotions.

    “It is also very useful for autistic individuals who use GenAI to formulate emails, deal with conflicts, prepare for conversations with supervisors and colleagues, and even when trying to understand their own and others' emotions [14, 15, 16, 17].”

    From The Entry of Autistic University Graduates into the Labor Market in the Era of Generative AI: Their Concerns and Strategies Regarding the Technology. Research in Progress: The Entry of Autistic Graduates into the Labor Market in the Era of GenAI (2026) · cites this paper as [14]

    The Introduction (p. 1) says autistic individuals use LLMs to interpret social situations and better understand their own emotions and thoughts. Section 4.2 (p. 10) also describes participants envisioning AI as a way to identify and articulate feelings. Our copy does not establish use for drafting emails, dealing with conflicts, or preparing for conversations with supervisors and colleagues; it also frames much of the potential benefit as envisioned rather than demonstrated. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Carik, B., Izaac, V. V., Ding, X., Scarpa, A., & Rho, E. H.
Affiliations
Virginia Tech (US)
ORCID
Venue
Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Publisher
ACM
Published
2025-04-25
Pages
1-30
DOI
10.1145/3706598.3714287
OpenAlex
W4409735458
Cited by
21
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 3
FWCI
31.39
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, negative self-talk, large language models, cognitive behavioral therapy, anxiety, depression, autistic adults, practitioner perspectives

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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