Cited by 254Gambling Behavior and TreatmentsImpact of Technology on AdolescentsSexuality, Behavior, and Technology

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Behavioral Addictions as Mental Disorders: To Be or Not To Be?

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Petry, Nancy M., Zajac, Kristyn, Ginley, Meredith K.·2018·Annual Review of Clinical Psychology

DOI 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045120PMC PMC5992581

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Abstract

Should excessive and problematic engagement in nonsubstance use behaviors be mental disorders? The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) repositioned gambling disorder in the substance use disorders section and introduced Internet gaming disorder in the research appendix; the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) is also considering it. This article outlines pros and cons of considering behavioral addictions as mental disorders and also reviews the DSM-5 decision-making processes. It focuses on three conditions: gambling disorder, Internet gaming disorder (IGD), and Internet addiction (IA). We detail assessment methods and prevalence rates for these conditions and outline psychiatric comorbidities, demographic and biological risk factors, and promising treatment approaches. We also briefly discuss other putative behavioral addictions: eating/food, sex, exercise, shopping, and tanning “addictions.” Overall, data are inconclusive, and consistent terminology and methodology are needed to define and evaluate these conditions more fully prior to considering them mental disorders.

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Authors: Petry, N. M., Zajac, K., & Ginley, M. K.
Affiliations: University of Connecticut (US)
ORCID: Petry, Nancy M.
Zajac, Kristyn
Ginley, Meredith K.
Venue: Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2018-05-07
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Pages: 399-423
ISSN: 1548-5943 (ISSN-L)
1548-5951
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045120
PMC: PMC5992581
OpenAlex: W2801196298
Cited by: 254
References: 126
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 6
FWCI: 3.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (P60AA003510)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (P50DA009241, K23DA034879)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
Keywords: behavioral addiction, gambling addiction, internet gaming disorder, internet addiction, DSM-5, ICD-11, psychiatric comorbidity, risk factors, treatment options, eating disorders, sexual addiction, exercise addiction, compulsive buying, tanning addiction, diagnostic classification
MeSH terms: Gambling, Humans, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Behavior, Addictive, Video Games, Internet

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