The DOI matches its Crossref record; 100 of the 101 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Financial Literacy, Financial Education, and Economic Outcomes
Open accessAbstract
In this article, we review the literature on financial literacy, financial education, and consumer financial outcomes. We consider how financial literacy is measured in the current literature and examine how well the existing literature addresses whether financial education improves financial literacy or personal financial outcomes. We discuss the extent to which a competitive market provides incentives for firms to educate consumers or to offer products that facilitate informed choice. We review the literature on alternative policies to improve financial outcomes and compare the evidence with that on the efficacy and cost of financial education. Finally, we discuss directions for future research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Besides, study designs usually do not permit participants to tap into other sources of information in order to prepare their decisions.”
From Financial literacy, financial advice, and financial behavior (2017) · cites this paper as Hastings et al. (2013)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Financial literacy programmes reduce information asymmetry by equipping borrowers with knowledge needed to make informed repayment decisions (Hastings et al., 2013;Lusardi & Mitchell, 2014).”
From Drivers of willingness to repay Parish Revolving funds (PRF) under Uganda’s Parish Development Model: a Bayesian Latent Class Logistic Regression (LCLR) approach (2026) · cites this paper as Hastings et al., 2013
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Hastings et al. (2013) argument that financial education improves understanding of credit terms.”
From Drivers of willingness to repay Parish Revolving funds (PRF) under Uganda’s Parish Development Model: a Bayesian Latent Class Logistic Regression (LCLR) approach (2026) · cites this paper as Hastings et al. (2013)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Specifically, the authors criticize that surveys eliciting financial literacy levels do not incentivize respondents to provide carefully considered answers reflecting their actual knowledge.”
From Financial literacy, financial advice, and financial behavior (2017) · cites this paper as Hastings et al. (2013)
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Hastings et al. (2013) emphasize that it is generally unclear if questions are a suitable means for measuring financial capability and, if so, which questions lend themselves most effectively for identifying it.”
From Financial literacy, financial advice, and financial behavior (2017) · cites this paper as Hastings et al. (2013)
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Hastings et al. (2013) document that respondents with higher cognitive abilities and more comfortable with numerical calculations on average exhibit higher levels of financial literacy.”
From Financial literacy, financial advice, and financial behavior (2017) · cites this paper as Hastings et al. (2013)
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“it complicates interpreting the magnitudes of the estimated effects as they are almost surely upwardly biased in magnitude (Hastings et al. 2013).”
From Financial literacy, financial advice, and financial behavior (2017) · cites this paper as Hastings et al. 2013
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Hastings et al. (2013) report that financial education interventions in the U.S. date back as long as to the 1950s.”
From Financial literacy, financial advice, and financial behavior (2017) · cites this paper as Hastings et al. (2013)
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth and Happiness
Adkisson, R. V. (2008) · The Social Science Journal · doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2008.09.003 · Cited by 5,706
Are Investors Reluctant to Realize Their Losses?
Terrance Odean, B. (1998) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/0022-1082.00072 · Cited by 3,886
Financial literacy and stock market participation
van Rooij, M., Lusardi, A., & Alessie, R. (2011) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2011.03.006 · Cited by 3,554 · cited 2×
“…both self-reported financial confidence and a test-based measure of financial literacy predict self-reported retirement planning and saving, and van Rooij et al. (2011) find that both self-perceived financial knowledge and a test-based measure of financial literacy predict stock market…”
The Technology of Skill Formation
Cunha, F., & Heckman, J. J. (2007) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.97.2.31 · Cited by 3,297
Allen, C. L., & Friedman, M. (1954) · Southern Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/1053873 · Cited by 3,288
The Power of Suggestion: Inertia in 401(k) Participation and Savings Behavior
Madrian, B. C., & Shea, D. F. (2001) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/003355301753265543 · Cited by 3,119
Self-citationHutchison, T. W., & Friedman, M. (1954) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2228046 · Cited by 3,025
Save More Tomorrow™: Using Behavioral Economics to Increase Employee Saving
Thaler, R. H., & Benartzi, S. (2004) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/380085 · Cited by 2,486
Campbell, J. Y. (2006) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2006.00883.x · Cited by 2,366
Estimating the Technology of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skill Formation
Cunha, F., Heckman, J. J., & Schennach, S. M. (2010) · Econometrica · doi:10.3982/ecta6551 · Cited by 1,949
Research works printed but not linked: 32
- Barr MS, 2009, Behavioral Foundations of Policy, 25
- Bell C, 2008, Community Invest., 21, 15
- 10.1353/jhr.2008.0017 · DOI
- Boyce L, 2004, Evaluation of the NEFE High School Financial Planning Program Curriculum: 1997–1998
- Brobeck S, 1990, U.S. Consumer Knowledge: Results of a Nationwide Test
- Brobeck S, 1991, U.S. High School Student Consumer Knowledge: A Nationwide Test
- Brobeck S, 1993, College Student Consumer Knowledge: The Results of a Nationwide Test
- Brobeck S, 1998, American Consumers Get Mixed Grades on Consumer Literacy Quiz
- Campbell JY, 2010, Work. Pap., RWP10
- Cole SA, 2012, Is high school the right time to teach self-control? The effect of education on financial behavior
- Collins JM, 2009, Building Indicators Measures: Analysis and Recommendations
- Council for Economic Education, 2011, Rep.
- Coussens MD, 2006, Consum. Interests Annu., 52, 315
- Duarte F, 2012, NBER Work. Pap., 18582
- Ellison G, 2005, Q. J. Econ., 120, 585
- Figlio D, 2011, Do children lose more than a home? The effects of foreclosure on children’s education outcomes
- Hastings JS, 2013, Results from the 2010–2011 Mexican Encuesta de Empleyo Retiro y Ahorro
- Hastings JS, 2013, Prisoner’s dilemma? Informative vs. persuasive advertising for a savings account
- Hastings JS, 2013, College education and loan choices: survey and field evidence from Chile
- Hastings JS, 2011, NBER Work. Pap., 16740
- Hastings JS, 2008, NBER Work. Pap., 14538
- Hilgert MA, 2003, Fed. Reserve Bull., 89, 309
- Hogarth JM, 2006, Financial education and economic development
- Jump$tart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy, 2006, Rep.
- Kimball M, 2006, Investor sophistication and the participation, home bias, diversification, and employer stock puzzle
- Lusardi A, 2011, Rep.
- Lusardi A, 2009, NBER Work. Pap., 15350
- Lusardi A, 2009, NBER Work. Pap., 14808
- Mandell L, 2009, The Financial Literacy of Young American Adults: Results of the 2008 National Jump$tart Coalition Survey of High School Seniors and College Students
- Ponce-Rodriguez A, 2008, Teaser rate offers in the credit card market: evidence from Mexico
- Willis LE, 2008, Iowa Law Rev., 94, 197
- Willis LE, 2009, San Diego Law Rev, 46, 415
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 1,001
Mulligan, E. P., Pabian, P. S., & Dickson, T. (2024) · Journal of Physical Therapy Education · doi:10.1097/jte.0000000000000348 · Cited by 1
Reponte, R. T., & Gallardo, R. D. (2024) · International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) · doi:10.38124/ijisrt/ijisrt24jun546 · Cited by 1
Shrestha, P. M., & Rana, M. (2024) · Journal of Mathematics Instruction Social Research and Opinion · doi:10.58421/misro.v3i3.304 · Cited by 1
How Technology Use Moderates Financial Literacy and Impulsivity Effects on Revisit Intention
AHMETOĞULLARI, K., & Boz, N. (2024) · Sosyoekonomi · doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2025.01.03 · Cited by 2
Zhao, X. (2025) · Advances in Economics Management and Political Sciences · doi:10.54254/2754-1169/2024.19302 · Cited by 1
Sari, A. C. D. M., & Husodo, Z. A. (2025) · Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi dan Bisnis · doi:10.33059/jseb.v16i01.10814 · Cited by 1
Musa, M. S., Abubakar, T., Singhry, H. B., & Mallo, M. J. (2025) · Forum for Economic and Financial Studies · doi:10.59400/fefs2802 · Cited by 1
EXPLORANDO A RELAÇÃO ENTRE BEM-ESTAR FINANCEIRO, AUTOCONTROLE E COMPORTAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR
Silva, C. T. D., Santos, A. C. D., & Silva, T. P. D. (2024) · SINERGIA - Revista do Instituto de Ciências Econômicas Administrativas e Contábeis · doi:10.63595/2236-7608-v28n1-15641 · Cited by 1
Littératie financière : le « mauvais » genre ?
Arrondel, L. (2025) · Revue d économie financière · doi:10.3917/ecofi.157.0047 · Cited by 1
AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION DETERMINANTS ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN SERBIA
Božović, A. (2025) · SCIENCE International Journal · doi:10.35120/sciencej0402027b · Cited by 1
Family Experiences and Educational Needs of Home Foreclosure Counseling Clients
Bechard, C. W., Tobe, E., Talbot, A. G., & Ames, B. D. (2016) · Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal · doi:10.1111/fcsr.12192 · Cited by 1
Blockchain Entrepreneurship and the Struggle for Trust Among the Unbanked
Larios-Hernández, G. J., & Béjar, A. O. D. Z. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99058-3_10 · Cited by 1
Das Chamäleon-Modell als Erklärungsmuster für die Organisationsstrukturen von Unternehmerfamilien
Haftlmeier-Seiffert, R., & Cravotta, S. (2019) · Zeitschrift für Klein- und Mittelunternehmen/Zeitschrift für KMU und Entrepreneurship · doi:10.3790/zfke.67.1.1 · Cited by 1
Financial literacy in Israel: The impact of sector and region on financial literacy
Ben-Simhon, M. A. (2018) · CeON Repository (Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science) · Cited by 1
Dirican, C., & Ayrancı, A. E. (2019) · Maliye Finans Yazıları · doi:10.33203/mfy.461469 · Cited by 1
Primary Personal Finance Problem in Indonesia
Suroso, A., Rafinda, A., Gál, T., & Alhendi, O. (2020) · SHS Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/shsconf/20208601026 · Cited by 1
Saving Model Under Financial Literacy
Shah, M. H., Murugiah, L., & Ahmad, N. B. (2021) · International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences · doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v11-i1/8557 · Cited by 1
Financing Millennials in Developing Economies
Amezcua, B., de la Peña, A., García, A. B., Sánchez-Aldape, A., Soto, J. M. S., & Bonilla, A. H. (2021) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-8049-3.ch016 · Cited by 1
Comparison of Financial Literacy in Different Countries
Adiandari, A. M., & Fitriandari, M. (2023) · International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology · doi:10.32628/ijsrst229687 · Cited by 1
The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Household Income: Micro Evidence for Chinese Households
Tianpei, P. (2023) · The Frontiers of Society Science and Technology · doi:10.25236/fsst.2023.051609 · Cited by 1
Nurani, K., & Khairi, H. (2024) · ECOBISMA (JURNAL EKONOMI BISNIS DAN MANAJEMEN) · doi:10.36987/ecobi.v11i1.5443 · Cited by 1
Obenza, B. N., & Obenza, D. M. N. (2024) · Journal of Economics Innovative Management and Entrepreneurship · doi:10.59652/jeime.v2i3.274 · Cited by 1
Enquête internationale OCDE/INFE 2020 sur la culture financière des adultes
OCDE (2021) · doi:10.1787/b9b5d2f9-fr · Cited by 1
Towards a European Policy for Financial Education
Pedro, M. S. C. (2016) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · doi:10.34626/yy8c-nf45 · Cited by 1
Experience in Financial Decision-Making: Field Evidence from Malawi
Goldberg, J., & Xavier Giné, A. (2018) · World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks · doi:10.1596/1813-9450-8576 · Cited by 3
Active learning improves financial education: Experimental evidence
Kaiser, T., & Menkhoff, L. (2018) · Econstor (Econstor) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.23207.60321 · Cited by 1
Nomlala, B. C. (2019) · ResearchSpace (University of KwaZulu-Natal) · Cited by 1
Sibisi, K. P. (2019) · ResearchSpace (University of KwaZulu-Natal) · Cited by 1
Felici, M., & Fuerst, F. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3890258 · Cited by 1
Work Motivation in Wealth Management: The Role of Self Determination Theory
Mattia, M. J. (2020) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) · Cited by 1
(2019) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-78973-705-920191009 · Cited by 1
Hett, F., Gill, A., & Tischer, J. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4076790 · Cited by 1
Educação financeira no Brasil: uma revisão de literatura estado da arte
Leal, G. D. O. (2020) · doi:10.11606/d.107.2020.tde-01082022-161934 · Cited by 1
Social Financial AdvicePreprint
Knüpfer, S., Rantapuska, E. H., & Spickers, T. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4466139 · Cited by 1
Financial Literacy of the Residents of Barangay Baclaran, Balayan, BatangasPreprint
Macatangay, L. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4477029 · Cited by 1
Sushma, B. S. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4507337 · Cited by 1
Sandoval, J. S., Collazos-Ortiz, M. A., Sarmiento-Sabogal, J., & Cayón, E. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2355441/v2 · Cited by 1
Financial Literacy and Mortgage Payment DelinquencyPreprint
Huynh, T. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4770596 · Cited by 1
Inclusión financiera en Bolivia y el gasto en alimentos en el contexto de la pandemia del COVID
Vargas, L. C., & Serrudo, L. F. (2024) · doi:10.18235/0012970 · Cited by 1
Sandoval, J. S., Collazos, M., Sarmiento, J., & Cayón, E. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2355441/v1 · Cited by 1
“ Understanding Climate Change : A Guide To Financial Literacy ”Preprint
Zulfikri, H. F. B. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4844643 · Cited by 1
Nuwagaba, S. S., & Mbowa, S. (2026) · Cogent Economics & Finance · doi:10.1080/23322039.2026.2648932
Loans from the Government, Overinvestment by Households, and Asset BubblesPreprint
Fedaseyeu, V., & Strohush, V. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2026990
Credit card balances and repayment under competing minimum payment regimes
Crack, T. F., & Roberts, H. (2014) · Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting · doi:10.1007/s11156-014-0455-3
Locating the need for financial education
Breeding, D. J. (2014) · doi:10.25549/usctheses-c3-428401
On a Need-to-Know Basis: Transactive Memory Processes, Financial Literacy, and Financial Outcomes
Ward, A. F., & Lynch, J. G. (2014)
Outlook and Prescription for the Future
Dickerson, M. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139839280.011
Essays in Empirical Industrial Organization, Finance Market and Public Policies
Squif, M., & María, A. (2017) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
Evaluation einer CV-Initiative: Das Beispiel My Finance Coach
Lührmann, M., & Winter, J. (2017) · Management-Reihe Corporate Social Responsibility · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-54092-3_30
Financing Millennials in Developing Economies
Amezcua, B., de la Peña, A., García, A. B., Sánchez-Aldape, A., Soto, J. M. S., & Bonilla, A. H. (2018) · Advances in marketing, customer relationship management, and e-services book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-4035-9.ch007
Duch, R. M., & Ehret, S. (2018) · Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung · doi:10.3790/vjh.87.2.65
Essays on the impacts of environment on uncertainty attitudes and consumption choices
Izah, A. (2019) · Open Access at Essex (University of Essex)
Konsumentenpolitisches Jahrbuch 2023
Reiffenstein, M., & Blaschek, B. (2023) · Verlag Österreich eBooks · doi:10.33196/9783704692986
Rani, P., & Singh, K. (2019) · International Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.18843/ijms/v6si5/09
The FOMC and the Mortgage MarketPreprint
Giacoletti, M., Ramcharan, R., & Yu, E. G. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3364588
The development and empirical evaluation of a saving behaviour structural model
Kleingbiel, K. (2020)
Khan, J. S. (2020) · Pakistan Social Sciences Review · doi:10.35484/pssr.2020(4-i)56
Buzałek, P., & Czechowska, I. D. (2020) · Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne · doi:10.26485/spe/2020/117/11
A Theory of Inefficient College Entry and Excessive Student Debt
Fedaseyeu, V., & Strohush, V. (2017) · The B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy · doi:10.1515/bejeap-2016-0304
Spending Model under Financial Literacy
Shah, M. H., Ahmad, N. B., & Murugiah, L. (2021) · Asian Journal of Economics Business and Accounting · doi:10.9734/ajeba/2021/v21i130338
Know Thyself: Consumers' Access to Credit Reports and The Retail Mortgage MarketPreprint
Kumar, A. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3732853
Ladick, M. R. (2019) · ThinkTech (Texas Tech University)
MODELING THE DYNAMICS OF FINANCIAL AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOR OF RUSSIANS
Мухаммадиевна, Т. Л., & Chaganova, O. B. (2021) · Intellect Innovations Investments · doi:10.25198/2077-7175-2021-1-65
Brennan, K. P. J. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/dkvv-yv68
Behaviour and biases of retail investors: Task or trait?Preprint
Antoniou, C., Firth, C., Leake, D., & Stewart, N. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3791634
Exponential Banks and Hyperbolic CustomersPreprint
Osborne, M. J. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3600507
A Collective Investment in Financial Literacy by Heterogeneous HouseholdsPreprint
Papageorgiou, S., & Xefteris, D. (2021) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics
Sarif, S. M., Zainudin, D., & Ismail, Y. (2021) · The International Islamic University Malaysia Repository (The International Islamic University Malaysia)
Sukiasyan, A. A., Ershov, V. F., Эдуардович, П. В., Menshikov, M. S., & Yusupov, R. G. (2021) · Revista Tempos e Espaços em Educação · doi:10.20952/revtee.v14i33.16559
Getting Ahead of the Game: Financial Fundamentals for Prospective College Students
Taliaferro, D. (2021)
Bridging the Gaps between Financial Learning and Financial Security: A Conceptual Approach
Panda, S., & Mohanty, D. (2021) · Siddhant- A Journal of Decision Making · doi:10.5958/2231-0657.2021.00008.2
Illettrisme financier et rationalité de l’épargnant sur le marché boursier
Arrondel, L. (2021) · Revue française d économie · doi:10.3917/rfe.212.0039
Srovnání koncepce finanční gramotnosti ČR a vybraných států USA
Ševčík, K. (2021) · Pedagogická orientace · doi:10.5817/pedor2021-1-97
Yasin, M. Y. (2021) · Global Journal of Business Economics and Management Current Issues · doi:10.18844/gjbem.v11i3.5717
Financial Literacy for Families
Reis, L., Silveira, C., Carvalho, L. C., Aleixo, M. D. C., Marques, A., Filho, G. A. L., & Júnior, I. M. D. S. (2022) · Advances in finance, accounting, and economics book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-9227-4.ch001
Microcredit and repayment in Colombia
Salcedo, E. O. B. (2019) · doi:10.17760/d20328771
Inter-cohort wealth development in Finland, 1987–2016Preprint
Karonen, E., & Niemelä, M. (2020) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/ktb4f
Challenge Based Learning in Finance
Lakshmi, G., Quach, H., & Goggin, S. (2022) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-80117-490-920221006
Closing Racial Economic Gaps during and after COVID-19
Dokko, J. K., & Sakong, J. (2022) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478023135-009
Zagreb, E. F., Vlašić, G., Gugić, A., & Šubić, R. (2022) · Ekonomska misao i praksa · doi:10.17818/emip/2022/2.11
On Exponential and Hyperbolic DiscountingPreprint
Osborne, M. J. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4258177
Does Exponential Growth Bias Exist?Preprint
Osborne, M. J. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4253812
Li, J. J., Mitchell, O. S., & Zhu, C. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4328927
Weiss‐Cohen, L., Newall, P. W. S., Ranyard, R., Ayton, P., & Clacher, I. (2023) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/493x7
(2022) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1353/book.102391 · Cited by 1
Patel, K., Rotaru, K., Schmidtke, K. A., Judah, G., Melkonyan, T., & Vlaev, I. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2820787/v1
(2014) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781782549727.00025
A STUDY ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION FOR WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN INDIA
Prabha, V. (2018) · International Journal of Management, IT, and Engineering · doi:10.36893/ijmie.2018.v8i8.510-519
Effect of debt literacy on debt behaviour: A narrative review
Rohilla, R., Rani, S. J., & Sangwan, N. (2021) · International Journal of Research in Finance and Management · doi:10.33545/26175754.2021.v4.i1a.229
Language Frictions in Consumer CreditPreprint
Liu, C. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4495725
The Impacts of Climate and Environmental Change on Cities
Mukim, M., & Roberts, M. (2023) · World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks · doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1935-3_ch3
Metadata
- Authors
- Hastings, J. S., Madrian, B. C., & Skimmyhorn, W. L.
- Affiliations
- National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
- William & Mary (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Economics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2013-08-02
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 347-373
- ISSN
- 1941-1383 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-1391
- PMC
- PMC3753821
- OpenAlex
- W2145814463
- Cited by
- 1,041
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 87 · 2025: 141 · 2024: 106 · 2023: 131 · 2022: 95 · 2021: 91 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 71 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 13
- FWCI
- 36.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Economics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- ScholarsArchive (Brigham Young University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG021650, R01AG032411, P01AG005842)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R24HD041020)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Accounting › Financial Literacy and Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- financial literacy, financial education, measurement of financial literacy, informed choice, consumer protection, financial education policy, financial products
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
