The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gender and Competition
Abstract
Laboratory studies have documented that women often respond less favorably to competition than men. Conditional on performance, men are often more eager to compete, and the performance of men tends to respond more positively to an increase in competition. This means that few women enter and win competitions. We review studies that examine the robustness of these differences as well the factors that may give rise to them. Both laboratory and field studies largely confirm these initial findings, showing that gender differences in competitiveness tend to result from differences in overconfidence and in attitudes toward competition. Gender differences in risk aversion, however, seem to play a smaller and less robust role. We conclude by asking what could and should be done to encourage qualified males and females to compete.
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Citations
Cites
Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.
Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797 · Cited by 9,020
A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance
Steele, C. M. (1997) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.52.6.613 · Cited by 6,770
Gender differences in risk taking: a meta-analysis
Byrnes, J. P., Miller, D. C., & Schafer, W. D. (1999) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.3.367 · Cited by 3,723
Do Women Shy Away From Competition? Do Men Compete Too Much?
Niederle, M., & Vesterlund, L. (2007) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/qjec.122.3.1067 · Cited by 3,186
Self-citationThe Homecoming of American College Women: The Reversal of the College Gender Gap
Goldin, C., Katz, L. F., & Kuziemko, I. (2006) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.20.4.133 · Cited by 1,010
Chapter 113 Men, Women and Risk Aversion: Experimental Evidence
Eckel, C. C., & Grossman, P. J. (2008) · Handbook of Experimental Economics Results · doi:10.1016/s1574-0722(07)00113-8 · Cited by 924
Gender and Competition at a Young Age
Gneezy, U., & Rustichini, A. (2004) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/0002828041301821 · Cited by 756
Performance Pay and Multidimensional Sorting: Productivity, Preferences, and Gender
Dohmen, T., & Falk, A. (2011) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.101.2.556 · Cited by 739
Gender differences in competition
Niederle, M., & Vesterlund, L. (2008) · Negotiation Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1571-9979.2008.00197.x · Cited by 120
Self-citation
Cited by
A survey of experimental research on contests, all-pay auctions and tournaments
Dechenaux, E., Kovenock, D., & Sheremeta, R. M. (2015) · Experimental Economics · doi:10.1007/s10683-014-9421-0 · Cited by 706
The Gender Gap in Self-Promotion
Exley, C. L., & Kessler, J. B. (2022) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjac003 · Cited by 250
Knowing Ourselves Together: The Cultural Origins of Metacognition
Heyes, C., Bang, D., Shea, N., Frith, C. D., & Fleming, S. M. (2020) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2020.02.007 · Cited by 232
Confidence matching in group decision-making
Bang, D., Aitchison, L., Moran, R., Herce Castanon, S., Rafiee, B., Mahmoodi, A., Lau, J. Y. F., Latham, P. E., Bahrami, B., & Summerfield, C. (2017) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0117 · Cited by 141
Self-Confidence and Gender Gaps in Political Interest, Attention, and Efficacy
Wolak, J. (2020) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1086/708644 · Cited by 117
Competition Elicits more Physical Affiliation between Male than Female Friends
Benenson, J. F., White, M. M., Pandiani, D. M., Hillyer, L. J., Kantor, S., Markovits, H., & Wrangham, R. W. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26544-9 · Cited by 8
Metadata
- Authors
- Niederle, M., & Vesterlund, L.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Economics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2011-09-01
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 601-630
- ISSN
- 1941-1383 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-1391
- OpenAlex
- W2007020067
- Cited by
- 805
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 15.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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