The DOI matches its Crossref record; 176 of the 177 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Field Guide to Eukaryotic Transposable Elements
Open accessAbstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences that propagate within genomes. Through diverse invasion strategies, TEs have come to occupy a substantial fraction of nearly all eukaryotic genomes, and they represent a major source of genetic variation and novelty. Here we review the defining features of each major group of eukaryotic TEs and explore their evolutionary origins and relationships. We discuss how the unique biology of different TEs influences their propagation and distribution within and across genomes. Environmental and genetic factors acting at the level of the host species further modulate the activity, diversification, and fate of TEs, producing the dramatic variation in TE content observed across eukaryotes. We argue that cataloging TE diversity and dissecting the idiosyncratic behavior of individual elements are crucial to expanding our comprehension of their impact on the biology of genomes and the evolution of species.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“LTR retrotransposons utilize viral-like retrotransposon-encoded products that include capsid, reverse transcriptase, and integrase”
From The Role of Retrotransposons and Endogenous Retroviruses in Age-Dependent Neurodegenerative Disorders (2024) · cites this paper as Wells & Feschotte 2020
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The replication mechanism and encoded proteins of LTR retrotransposons are related to those of retroviruses.”
From The Role of Retrotransposons and Endogenous Retroviruses in Age-Dependent Neurodegenerative Disorders (2024) · cites this paper as Wells & Feschotte 2020
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Contrary to the exogenous infectious agents discussed above, transposable elements are endogenous mobile genetic elements that can move and integrate into different locations within the genome [117,118].”
From What would it take to prove that a chronic infection is a causal agent in Alzheimer’s disease? (2025) · cites this paper as [118]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome.
Howe, K., Clark, M. D., Torroja, C. F., Torrance, J., Berthelot, C., Muffato, M., Collins, J. E., Humphray, S., McLaren, K., Matthews, L., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12111 · Cited by 5,100
RepeatModeler2 for automated genomic discovery of transposable element families
Flynn, J. M., Hubley, R., Goubert, C., Rosen, J., Clark, A. G., Feschotte, C., & Smit, A. F. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1921046117 · Cited by 3,848
Self-citationA unified classification system for eukaryotic transposable elements
Wicker, T., Sabot, F., Hua‐Van, A., Bennetzen, J. L., Capy, P., Chalhoub, B., Flavell, A. J., Leroy, P., Morgante, M., Panaud, O., et al. (2007) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg2165 · Cited by 3,159
Britten, R. J., & Kohne, D. E. (1968) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.161.3841.529 · Cited by 2,789
Gene Regulation for Higher Cells: A Theory
Britten, R. J., & Davidson, E. H. (1969) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.165.3891.349 · Cited by 2,078
The origins of genome complexity
Lynch, M., & Conery, J. S. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1089370 · Cited by 1,698
Alu repeats and human genomic diversity
Batzer, M., & Deininger, P. (2002) · Nature reviews genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg798 · Cited by 1,522
Ou, S., Su, W., Liao, Y., Chougule, K. M., Agda, J. R. A., Hellinga, A. J., Lugo, C. S. B., Elliott, T. A., Ware, D., Peterson, T., et al. (2019) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-019-1905-y · Cited by 1,522
Regulatory activities of transposable elements: from conflicts to benefits
Chuong, E. B., Elde, N. C., & Feschotte, C. (2017) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg.2016.139 · Cited by 1,489
Self-citationThe Norway spruce genome sequence and conifer genome evolution
Nystedt, B., Street, N. R., Wetterbom, A., Zuccolo, A., Lin, Y., Scofield, D. G., Vezzi, F., Delhomme, N., Giacomello, S., Alexeyenko, A., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12211 · Cited by 1,463
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- McClintock B., 1948, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Yearb., 47, 155
- 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.024 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Roles of transposable elements in the regulation of mammalian transcription
Fueyo, R., Judd, J., Feschotte, C., & Wysocka, J. (2022) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-022-00457-y · Cited by 451
Self-citationTransposable elements shape the evolution of mammalian development
Senft, A. D., & Macfarlan, T. S. (2021) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00385-1 · Cited by 287
Evolutionary constraint and innovation across hundreds of placental mammals
Christmas, M. J., Kaplow, I. M., Genereux, D. P., Dong, M. X., Hughes, G. M., Li, X., Sullivan, P. F., Hindle, A. G., Andrews, G., Armstrong, J. C., et al. (2023) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abn3943 · Cited by 292
Earl Grey: A Fully Automated User-Friendly Transposable Element Annotation and Analysis Pipeline
Baril, T., Galbraith, J. D., & Hayward, A. (2024) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msae068 · Cited by 257
Chen, Y., Davidson, N., Wan, Y. K., Yao, F., Su, Y., Gamaarachchi, H., Sim, A., Patel, H., Low, H. M., Hendra, C., et al. (2025) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/s41592-025-02623-4 · Cited by 214
A beginner’s guide to manual curation of transposable elements
Goubert, C., Craig, R. J., Bilat, A. F., Peona, V., Vogan, A. A., & Protasio, A. V. (2022) · Mobile DNA · doi:10.1186/s13100-021-00259-7 · Cited by 156
Taming transposable elements in vertebrates: from epigenetic silencing to domestication
Almeida, M. V., Vernaz, G., Putman, A. L. K., & Miska, E. A. (2022) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2022.02.009 · Cited by 150
Transposable elements as essential elements in the control of gene expression
Gebrie, A. (2023) · Mobile DNA · doi:10.1186/s13100-023-00297-3 · Cited by 157
Genomic impact of stress-induced transposable element mobility in Arabidopsis
Roquis, D., Robertson, M., Yu, L., Thieme, M., Julkowska, M., & Bucher, E. (2021) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkab828 · Cited by 136
A mouse-specific retrotransposon drives a conserved Cdk2ap1 isoform essential for development
Modzelewski, A. J., Shao, W., Chen, J., Lee, A., Qi, X., Noon, M., Tjokro, K., Sales, G., Biton, A., Anand, A., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.021 · Cited by 120
Hayward, A., & Gilbert, C. (2022) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.044 · Cited by 94
Satellite DNAs—From Localized to Highly Dispersed Genome Components
Šatović-Vukšić, E., & Plohl, M. (2023) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes14030742 · Cited by 93
A phylogenetic and proteomic reconstruction of eukaryotic chromatin evolution
Grau‐Bové, X., Navarrete, C., Chiva, C., Pribasnig, T., Antó, M., Torruella, G., Galindo, L. J., Lang, B. F., Moreira, D., López‐García, P., et al. (2022) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-022-01771-6 · Cited by 87
Retrotransposons hijack alt-EJ for DNA replication and eccDNA biogenesis
Yang, F., Su, W., Chung, O. W., Tracy, L., Wang, L., Ramsden, D. A., & Zhang, Z. Z. (2023) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06327-7 · Cited by 86
Molecular mechanisms of adaptive evolution in wild animals and plants
Hu, Y., Wang, X., Xu, Y., Yang, H., Tong, Z., Tian, R., Xu, S., Yu, L., Guo, Y., Shi, P., et al. (2023) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-022-2233-x · Cited by 85
Burbage, M., Rocañín-Arjó, A., Baudon, B., Arribas, Y. A., Merlotti, A., Rookhuizen, D. C., Heurtebise-Chrétien, S., Ye, M., Houy, A., Burgdorf, N., et al. (2023) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abm6360 · Cited by 86
The Immunological Conundrum of Endogenous Retroelements
Kassiotis, G. (2023) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-101721-033341 · Cited by 81
Transposable elements as tissue-specific enhancers in cancers of endodermal lineage
Karttunen, K., Patel, D., Xia, J., Fei, L., Palin, K., Aaltonen, L. A., & Sahu, B. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-41081-4 · Cited by 80
Hijacking of transcriptional condensates by endogenous retroviruses
Asimi, V., Kumar, A. S., Niskanen, H., Riemenschneider, C., Hetzel, S., Naderi, J., Fasching, N., Popitsch, N. P., Du, M., Kretzmer, H., et al. (2022) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-022-01132-w · Cited by 79
The Structural, Functional and Evolutionary Impact of Transposable Elements in Eukaryotes
Almojil, D., Bourgeois, Y., Falis, M., Hariyani, I. E., Wilcox, J. J. S., & Boissinot, S. (2021) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes12060918 · Cited by 80
Oomen, M. E., Rodriguez‐Terrones, D., Kurome, M., Zakhartchenko, V., Mottes, L., Simmet, K., Noll, C., Nakatani, T., Mourra-Díaz, C. M., Aksoy, I., et al. (2025) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.12.013 · Cited by 77
Ament, I. H., DeBruyne, N., Wang, F., & Lin, L. (2024) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.11.025 · Cited by 79
Sproul, J. S., Hotaling, S., Heckenhauer, J., Powell, A., Marshall, D., Larracuente, A. M., Kelley, J. L., Pauls, S. U., & Frandsen, P. B. (2023) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.277387.122 · Cited by 74
Chang, N.-C., Rovira, Q., Wells, J. N., Feschotte, C., & Vaquerizas, J. M. (2022) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.275655.121 · Cited by 73
Self-citationRegulatory transposable elements in the encyclopedia of DNA elements
Du, A. Y., Chobirko, J. D., Zhuo, X., Feschotte, C., & Wang, T. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-51921-6 · Cited by 72
Self-citationThe Epigenetic Control of the Transposable Element Life Cycle in Plant Genomes and Beyond
Liu, P., Cuerda-Gil, D., Shahid, S., & Slotkin, R. K. (2022) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-072920-015534 · Cited by 69
Harnessing eukaryotic retroelement proteins for transgene insertion into human safe-harbor loci
Zhang, X., Treeck, B. V., Horton, C. A., McIntyre, J. J. R., Palm, S. M., Shumate, J. L., & Collins, K. (2024) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-024-02137-y · Cited by 65
Specificities and Dynamics of Transposable Elements in Land Plants
Mhiri, C., Borges, F., & Grandbastien, M. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11040488 · Cited by 61
A proposed metric set for evaluation of genome assembly quality
Wang, P., & Wang, F. (2022) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2022.10.005 · Cited by 59
Hu, K., Ni, P., Xu, M., Zou, Y. F., Chang, J., Gao, X., Li, Y., Ruan, J., Hu, B., & Wang, J. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-49912-8 · Cited by 57
Gill, R. A., Scossa, F., King, G. J. W., Golicz, A. A., Tong, C., Snowdon, R. J., Fernie, A. R., & Liu, S. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences · doi:10.1080/07352689.2021.1920731 · Cited by 57
The population genetics of adaptation through copy number variation in a fungal plant pathogen
Stalder, L., Oggenfuss, U., Mohd‐Assaad, N., & Croll, D. (2022) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/mec.16435 · Cited by 57
Potential health risks of mRNA-based vaccine therapy: A hypothesis
Acevedo‐Whitehouse, K. A., & Bruno, R. (2023) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2023.111015 · Cited by 56
Kojima, S., Koyama, S., Ka, M., Saito, Y., Parrish, E. H., Endo, M., Takata, S., Mizukoshi, M., Hikino, K., Takeda, A., et al. (2023) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-023-01390-2 · Cited by 55
Structural Variants and Speciation: Multiple Processes at PlayPreprint
Berdan, E. L., Aubier, T. G., Cozzolino, S., Faria, R., Feder, J. L., Giménez, M. D., Joron, M., Searle, J. B., & Mérot, C. (2023) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a041446 · Cited by 54
Transposons and non-coding regions drive the intrafamily differences of genome size in insects
Cong, Y., Ye, X., Yang, M., He, K., & Li, F. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104873 · Cited by 54
Chen, Y., Luo, S., Hu, Y., Mao, B., Wang, X., Lu, Z., Shan, Q., Zhang, J., Wang, S., Feng, G., et al. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.020 · Cited by 50
The epigenetic hallmarks of immune cells in cancer
Yu, J. H., Xiao, C., Fan, T. T., Deng, Z., Wang, D., Cai, W., Li, J., Liao, T., Li, C., & He, J. (2025) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-025-02255-4 · Cited by 52
Oggenfuss, U., & Croll, D. (2023) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011130 · Cited by 50
Helitrons: genomic parasites that generate developmental novelties
Barro‐Trastoy, D., & Köhler, C. (2024) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2024.02.002 · Cited by 52
Wang, Y., McNeil, P., Abdulazeez, R., Pascual, M., Johnston, S. E., Keightley, P. D., & Obbard, D. J. (2023) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.277383.122 · Cited by 51
Reactivated endogenous retroviruses promote protein aggregate spreading
Liu, S., Heumüller, S.-E., Hossinger, A., Müller, S. A., Buravlova, O., Lichtenthaler, S. F., Denner, P., & Vorberg, I. M. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-40632-z · Cited by 48
piRNA processing by a trimeric Schlafen-domain nuclease
Podvalnaya, N., Bronkhorst, A. W., Lichtenberger, R., Hellmann, S., Nischwitz, E., Falk, T., Karaulanov, E., Butter, F., Falk, S., & Ketting, R. F. (2023) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06588-2 · Cited by 47
Diverse heterochromatin states restricting cell identity and reprogramming
McCarthy, R. L., Zhang, J., & Zaret, K. S. (2023) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2023.02.007 · Cited by 47
Guo, Z., Guo, L., Bai, Y., Kang, S., Sun, D., Qin, J., Ye, F., Wang, S., Wu, Q., Xie, W., et al. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2300439120 · Cited by 47
Introns: the “dark matter” of the eukaryotic genome
Girardini, K. N., Olthof, A. M., & Kanadia, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2023.1150212 · Cited by 47
Retrotransposons as Drivers of Mammalian Brain Evolution
Ferrari, R., Grandi, N., Tramontano, E., & Dieci, G. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11050376 · Cited by 47
Frost, B., & Dubnau, J. (2024) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-082823-020615 · Cited by 45
Gunasekara, C., MacKay, H., Scott, C. A., Li, S., Laritsky, E., Baker, M. S., Grimm, S. L., Jun, G., Li, Y., Chen, R., et al. (2023) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-022-02827-3 · Cited by 44
Population comparative genomics discovers gene gain and loss during grapevine domestication
Long, Q., Cao, S., Huang, G., Wang, X., Liu, Z., Liu, W., Wang, Y., Xiao, H., Peng, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2024) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1093/plphys/kiae039 · Cited by 45
Gluck‐Thaler, E., & Vogan, A. A. (2024) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkae327 · Cited by 42
A unified framework to analyze transposable element insertion polymorphisms using graph genomes
Groza, C., Chen, X., Wheeler, T. J., Bourque, G., & Goubert, C. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-53294-2 · Cited by 45
Constitutive Heterochromatin in Eukaryotic Genomes: A Mine of Transposable Elements
Marsano, R. M., & Dimitri, P. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11050761 · Cited by 41
Retrotransposon activation during Drosophila metamorphosis conditions adult antiviral responses
Wang, L., Tracy, L., Su, W., Yang, F., Yu, F., Silverman, N. S., & Zhang, Z. Z. (2022) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-022-01214-9 · Cited by 42
Mora, P., Pita, S., Montiel, E. E., Rico-Porras, J. M., Palomeque, T., Panzera, F., & Lorite, P. (2023) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes14020371 · Cited by 40
Causes and Consequences of Varying Transposable Element Activity: An Evolutionary Perspective
Betancourt, A. J., Wei, K. H.-C., Huang, Y., & Lee, Y. C. G. (2024) · Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genom-120822-105708 · Cited by 46
Evolution of mouse circadian enhancers from transposable elements
Judd, J., Sanderson, H., & Feschotte, C. (2021) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-021-02409-9 · Cited by 40
Self-citationBell, E. A., Butler, C. L., Oliveira, C., Marburger, S., Yant, L. J., & Taylor, M. I. (2021) · Molecular Ecology Resources · doi:10.1111/1755-0998.13489 · Cited by 40
Antiviral immunity triggered by infection-induced host transposable elements
Hale, B. G. (2021) · Current Opinion in Virology · doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2021.12.006 · Cited by 42
Simon, M., Stüve, P., Schmidleithner, L., Bittner, S., Beumer, N., Strieder, N., Schmidl, C., Pant, A., Gebhard, C., Eigenberger, A., et al. (2024) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2024.06.015 · Cited by 37
Experimentally heat‐induced transposition increases drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Thieme, M., Brêchet, A., Bourgeois, Y., Keller, B., Bucher, E., & Roulin, A. C. (2022) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.18322 · Cited by 37
Themes and variations on piRNA-guided transposon control
Loubalová, Z., Κωνσταντινίδου, Π., & Haase, A. D. (2023) · Mobile DNA · doi:10.1186/s13100-023-00298-2 · Cited by 37
Forces driving transposable element load variation during Arabidopsis range expansion
Jiang, J., Xu, Y., Zhang, Z., Chen, J., Niu, X., Hou, X.-H., Li, X.-T., Wang, L., Zhang, Y. E., Ge, S., et al. (2023) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1093/plcell/koad296 · Cited by 36
Insertions and Deletions: Computational Methods, Evolutionary Dynamics, and Biological Applications
Redelings, B. D., Holmes, I., Lunter, G. A., Pupko, T., & Anisimova, M. O. (2024) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msae177 · Cited by 38
Nicolau, M., Picault, N., & Moissiard, G. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10112952 · Cited by 37
Species-specific chromatin landscape determines how transposable elements shape genome evolution
Huang, Y., Shukla, H. G., & Lee, Y. C. G. (2022) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.81567 · Cited by 35
Brown, T., Mishra, K., Elewa, A., Iarovenko, S. I., Subramanian, E., Joven, A., Petzold, A., Fromm, B., Friedländer, M. R., Rikk, L., et al. (2025) · Cell Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.xgen.2025.100761 · Cited by 37
Endogenous retroelements as alarms for disruptions to cellular homeostasis
Lindholm, H. T., Chen, R. E., & Carvalho, D. D. D. (2022) · Trends in cancer · doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2022.09.001 · Cited by 34
Structural insight into Tn3 family transposition mechanism
Shkumatov, A. V., Aryanpour, N., Oger, C. A., Goossens, G., Hallet, B. F., & Efremov, R. G. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33871-z · Cited by 34
From Chaos Comes Order: Genetics and Genome Biology of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Oliveira, J. I. N., Yildirir, G., & Corradi, N. (2024) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-105143 · Cited by 34
The evolution and function of transposons in epigenetic regulation in response to the environment
Klein, S. P., & Anderson, S. N. (2022) · Current Opinion in Plant Biology · doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102277 · Cited by 34
Retrotransposon addiction promotes centromere function via epigenetically activated small RNAs
Shimada, A., Cahn, J., Ernst, E., Lynn, J. S., Grimanelli, D., Henderson, I. R., Kakutani, T., & Martienssen, R. A. (2024) · Nature Plants · doi:10.1038/s41477-024-01773-1 · Cited by 33
Evolution of Plant Genome Size and Composition
He, B., Liu, W., Li, J., Xiong, S., Jia, J., Lin, Q., Liu, H., & Cui, P. (2024) · Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/gpbjnl/qzae078 · Cited by 33
The power of “controllers”: Transposon-mediated duplicated genes evolve towards neofunctionalization
Ma, H., Wang, M., Zhang, Y. E., & Tan, S. (2023) · Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2023.04.003 · Cited by 34
Strain-level diversity in sulfonamide biodegradation: adaptation of Paenarthrobacter to sulfonamides
Huang, Y. L., Pan, A., Song, Y., Deng, Y., Wu, A. L.-H., Lau, C. S.-H., & Zhang, T. (2024) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1093/ismejo/wrad040 · Cited by 33
Regulation and function of transposable elements in cancer genomes
Lee, M., Ahmad, S. F., & Xu, J. (2024) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-024-05195-2 · Cited by 34
Transposable elements as instructors of the immune system
Schmidleithner, L., Stüve, P., & Feuerer, M. (2025) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01172-3 · Cited by 35
Transposable element landscapes in aging Drosophila
Yang, N., Srivastav, S. P., Rahman, R., Ma, Q., Dayama, G., Li, S., Chinen, M., Lei, E. P., Rosbash, M., & Lau, N. C. (2022) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1010024 · Cited by 33
The Diverse Evolutionary Histories of Domesticated Metaviral Capsid Genes in Mammals
Henriques, W. S., Young, J. M., Nemudryi, A., Nemudraia, A., Wiedenheft, B., & Malik, H. S. (2024) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msae061 · Cited by 31
Zhang, T., Tan, S., Tang, N., Li, Y., Zhang, C., Sun, J., Guo, Y., Gao, H., Cai, Y., Sun, W. H., et al. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.007 · Cited by 32
Elliott, T. A., Heitkam, T., Hubley, R. M., Quesneville, H., Suh, A., & Wheeler, T. J. (2021) · Mobile DNA · doi:10.1186/s13100-021-00244-0 · Cited by 31
Yan, Q., Wu, X., Zhou, P., Zhou, Y., Li, X., Liu, Z., Tan, H., Yao, W., Xia, Y., & Zhu, F. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14010145 · Cited by 34
Marino, A., Kizenko, A., Wong, W. Y., Ghiselli, F., & Simakov, O. (2022) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.793734 · Cited by 31
Shipilina, D., Näsvall, K., Höök, L., Vila, R., Talavera, G., & Backström, N. (2022) · Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110481 · Cited by 34
Chera, A., Cretu-Stancu, M., Zabet, N. R., & Bucur, O. (2024) · Epigenetics & Chromatin · doi:10.1186/s13072-024-00558-2 · Cited by 32
Transposable elements are vectors of recurrent transgenerational epigenetic inheritance
Baduel, P., Oliveira, L. D., Caillieux, E., Bohl‐Viallefond, G., Xu, C., Messaoudi, M. E., Petit, A., Draï, M., Barois, M., Singh, V., et al. (2025) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.ady3475 · Cited by 30
Huang, Z., Huang, W., Liu, X., Han, Z., Liu, G., Boamah, G. A., Wang, Y., Yu, F. G., Gan, Y., Xiao, Q., et al. (2021) · Molecular Ecology Resources · doi:10.1111/1755-0998.13439 · Cited by 30
Transposable Elements Co-Option in Genome Evolution and Gene Regulation
Gasparotto, E., Burattin, F. V., Gioia, V. D., Panepuccia, M., Ranzani, V., Marasca, F., & Bodega, B. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24032610 · Cited by 32
Human Endogenous Retroviruses: Our Genomic Fossils and Companions
Stein, R. A., & DePaola, R. V. (2023) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00171.2022 · Cited by 29
Retroelement decay by the exonuclease XRN1 is a viral mimicry dependency in cancer
Hosseini, A., Lindholm, H. T., Chen, R. E., Mehdipour, P., Marhon, S. A., Ishak, C. A., Moore, P. C., Classon, M., Gioacchino, A. D., Greenbaum, B. D., et al. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113684 · Cited by 30
Chronic Viral Mimicry Induction following p53 Loss Promotes Immune Evasion
Ishak, C. A., Marhon, S. A., Tchrakian, N., Hodgson, A., Yau, H. L., Gonzaga, I. M., Peralta, M., Lungu, I. M., Gomez, S., Liang, S., et al. (2025) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0094 · Cited by 28
Garcia, S., Kovařı́k, A., Maiwald, S., Mann, L., Schmidt, N., Pascual‐Díaz, J. P., Vitales, D., Weber, B., & Heitkam, T. (2024) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msae025 · Cited by 28
Gag proteins encoded by endogenous retroviruses are required for zebrafish development
Chang, N.-C., Wells, J. N., Wang, A. Y., Schofield, P., Huang, Y.-C., Truong, V. H., Simoes-Costa, M., & Feschotte, C. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2411446122 · Cited by 27
Self-citationBadet, T., Tralamazza, S. M., Feurtey, A., & Croll, D. (2023) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkad1214 · Cited by 28
Transposable Element Interactions Shape the Ecology of the Deer Mouse Genome
Gozashti, L., Feschotte, C., & Hoekstra, H. E. (2023) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msad069 · Cited by 27
Self-citationOomen, M. E., & Torres‐Padilla, M. (2024) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/s44319-024-00118-5 · Cited by 28
Identification of transposable element families from pangenome polymorphisms
Sierra, P., & Durbin, R. M. (2024) · Mobile DNA · doi:10.1186/s13100-024-00323-y · Cited by 28
Abdolmaleky, H. M., Nohesara, S., Zhou, J.-R., & Thiagalingam, S. (2025) · Epigenomics · doi:10.1080/17501911.2025.2464529 · Cited by 27
Ilik, İ., Xu, Y., Zhang, Z. Z., & Aktaş, T. (2025) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00867-8 · Cited by 30
Abdulla, A. Z., Vaillant, C., & Jost, D. (2022) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkac702 · Cited by 26
Metadata
- Authors
- Wells, J. N., & Feschotte, C.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wells, Jonathan N.
- Feschotte, Cédric
- Venue
- Annual Review of Genetics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2020-11-23
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 539-561
- ISSN
- 0066-4197 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2948
- PMC
- PMC8293684
- OpenAlex
- W3087081867
- Cited by
- 686
- References
- 176
- Citations by year
- 2026: 136 · 2025: 183 · 2024: 128 · 2023: 120 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 37
- FWCI
- 5.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Human Genome Research Institute (U01HG009391)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM112972, R35GM122550)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genome Rearrangement Algorithms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Keywords
- transposable elements, eukaryotic genomes, mobile DNA, transposon evolution, transposon diversity, host factors, genetic novelty, genome evolution, transposon classification
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA Transposable Elements, Humans, Genetic Variation, Genome, Evolution, Molecular, Eukaryota
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review