Cited by 691Chromosomal and Genetic VariationsGenome Rearrangement AlgorithmsGenomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities

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A Field Guide to Eukaryotic Transposable Elements

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Wells, Jonathan N., Feschotte, Cédric·2020·Annual Review of Genetics

DOI 10.1146/annurev-genet-040620-022145PMC PMC8293684

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Abstract

Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences that propagate within genomes. Through diverse invasion strategies, TEs have come to occupy a substantial fraction of nearly all eukaryotic genomes, and they represent a major source of genetic variation and novelty. Here we review the defining features of each major group of eukaryotic TEs and explore their evolutionary origins and relationships. We discuss how the unique biology of different TEs influences their propagation and distribution within and across genomes. Environmental and genetic factors acting at the level of the host species further modulate the activity, diversification, and fate of TEs, producing the dramatic variation in TE content observed across eukaryotes. We argue that cataloging TE diversity and dissecting the idiosyncratic behavior of individual elements are crucial to expanding our comprehension of their impact on the biology of genomes and the evolution of species.

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Authors: Wells, J. N., & Feschotte, C.
Affiliations: Cornell University (US)
Corresponding author: Wells, Jonathan N.
Feschotte, Cédric
ORCID: Wells, Jonathan N.
Feschotte, Cédric
Venue: Annual Review of Genetics
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2020-11-23
Volume: 54
Issue: 1
Pages: 539-561
ISSN: 0066-4197 (ISSN-L)
1545-2948
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-040620-022145
PMC: PMC8293684
OpenAlex: W3087081867
Cited by: 686
References: 176
Citations by year: 2026: 136 · 2025: 183 · 2024: 128 · 2023: 120 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 37
FWCI: 5.07
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Annual Review of Genetics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Human Genome Research Institute (U01HG009391)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM112972, R35GM122550)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genome Rearrangement Algorithms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
Keywords: transposable elements, eukaryotic genomes, mobile DNA, transposon evolution, transposon diversity, host factors, genetic novelty, genome evolution, transposon classification
MeSH terms: Animals, DNA Transposable Elements, Humans, Genetic Variation, Genome, Evolution, Molecular, Eukaryota

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A Field Guide to Eukaryotic Transposable Elements

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