The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stress- and Allostasis-Induced Brain Plasticity
Open accessAbstract
The brain is the key organ of stress processes. It determines what individuals will experience as stressful, it orchestrates how individuals will cope with stressful experiences, and it changes both functionally and structurally as a result of stressful experiences. Within the brain, a distributed, dynamic, and plastic neural circuitry coordinates, monitors, and calibrates behavioral and physiological stress response systems to meet the demands imposed by particular stressors. These allodynamic processes can be adaptive in the short term (allostasis) and maladaptive in the long term (allostatic load). Critically, these processes involve bidirectional signaling between the brain and body. Consequently, allostasis and allostatic load can jointly affect vulnerability to brain-dependent and stress-related mental and physical health conditions. This review focuses on the role of brain plasticity in adaptation to, and pathophysiology resulting from, stressful experiences. It also considers interventions to prevent and treat chronic and prevalent health conditions via allodynamic brain mechanisms.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“environmental conditions and interpersonal interactions, both positive and negative, are embedded biologically, shaping or canalizing the development of brain and behavior”
From School Readiness and Self-Regulation: A Developmental Psychobiological Approach (2015) · cites this paper as McEwen & Gianaros 2011
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Extensive literature links ELA to pervasive, quantifiable variation in brain structure and function [15, 21, 24, 25].”
From Biological embedding of childhood adversity: from physiological mechanisms to clinical implications (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Importantly, HPA hyper- and hypo-reactivity both represent prototypical patterns associated with excess allostatic load, and both predict human stress-related chronic illnesses, including cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric diseases linked epidemiologically to ELA [15, 29, 48].”
From Biological embedding of childhood adversity: from physiological mechanisms to clinical implications (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Such an approach facilitates the synthesis of complex evidence for application, and is supported by observed dose–response effects linking cumulative early adversity to later outcomes [1, 3, 5], and by the “allostatic load” paradigm exploring pathogenic effects of cumulative all-cause stress [15].”
From Biological embedding of childhood adversity: from physiological mechanisms to clinical implications (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“However, chronic or excessive activation contributes to the pathogenic physiological “wear and tear” described within the allostatic load paradigm [15, 29].”
From Biological embedding of childhood adversity: from physiological mechanisms to clinical implications (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“These experience-dependent mechanisms regulate the sensitivity and plasticity of the central nervous system and act at several biological levels (likely partly in parallel with each other): i) cellular changes such as neurogenesis, pruning and sprouting of synapses, myelination of axons and alterations to the number of dendritic spines9, 10, ii) subcellular changes, such as alterations to the”
From Resilience in mental health: linking psychological and neurobiological perspectives. (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“The shape of the inverted U differs by many factors including sex, strain, and behavioral domain in question (Fig. 2).”
From Neurobiology of resilience (2012) · cites this paper as [50]
In the citing paper
“McEwen and colleagues systematically measured the type, length, and quality of stress experience on multiple rat behaviors and found that stress affects most behavioral domains with an inverted U–shape curve, where low and high levels of stress both impair behavior, while intermediate levels actually promote positive coping responses (for review see50).”
From Neurobiology of resilience (2012) · cites this paper as [50]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Eysenck, H. J. (1985) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(85)90087-7 · Cited by 32,038
“Stress: appraisal and coping,”
Folkman, S. (2013) · Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215 · Cited by 27,833
LeDoux, J. E. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155 · Cited by 8,444
Protective and Damaging Effects of Stress Mediators
McEwen, B. S. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199801153380307 · Cited by 6,733
Self-citationPhysiology and neurobiology of stress and adaptation: central role of the brain
McEwen, B. S. (2007) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00041.2006 · Cited by 5,429
Self-citationTracey, K. J. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01321 · Cited by 3,728
Psychological Stress and Disease
Cohen, S., Janicki-Deverts, D., & Miller, G. E. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.298.14.1685 · Cited by 3,168
Accelerated telomere shortening in response to life stress
Epel, E. S., Blackburn, E. H., Lin, J., Dhabhar, F. S., Adler, N. E., Morrow, J. D., & Cawthon, R. M. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0407162101 · Cited by 3,002
The Neuroendocrinology of Stress and Aging: The Glucocorticoid Cascade Hypothesis
Sapolsky, R. M., Krey, L. C., & McEwen, B. S. (1986) · Science of Aging Knowledge Environment · doi:10.1126/sageke.2002.38.cp21 · Cited by 2,343
Self-citationAerobic Exercise Training Increases Brain Volume in Aging Humans
Colcombe, S. J., Erickson, K. I., Scalf, P. E., Kim, J. S., Prakash, R., McAuley, E., Elavsky, S., Marquez, D. X., Hu, L., & Kramer, A. F. (2006) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/61.11.1166 · Cited by 2,134
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- 10.1001/archinte.153.18.2093 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1210/edrv-7-3-284 · DOI · Paper page
- Charney DS, 2004, Science's STKE, 225, 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Lifelong Effects of Early Childhood Adversity and Toxic Stress
Shonkoff, J. P., Garner, A. S., THE COMMITTEE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH, C. O. E. C., Siegel, B. S., Dobbins, M. I., Earls, M. F., Garner, A. S., McGuinn, L., Pascoe, J., & Wood, D. L. (2012) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-2663 · Cited by 5,164
The Neuroscience of Mindfulness Meditation
Tang, Y.-Y., Hölzel, B. K., & Posner, M. I. (2015) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3916 · Cited by 2,889
Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load and age-related disease
Danese, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2012) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.019 · Cited by 2,140
Self-citationStress Effects on Neuronal Structure: Hippocampus, Amygdala, and Prefrontal Cortex
McEwen, B. S., Nasca, C., & Gray, J. D. (2016) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.171 · Cited by 1,574
Self-citationMechanisms of stress in the brain
McEwen, B. S., Bowles, N. P., Gray, J. D., Hill, M. N., Hunter, R. G., Karatsoreos, I. N., & Nasca, C. (2015) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4086 · Cited by 1,386
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- McEwen, B. S., & Gianaros, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Rockefeller University (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Medicine
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2011-02-18
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 431-445
- ISSN
- 0066-4219 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-326X
- PMC
- PMC4251716
- OpenAlex
- W2116769635
- Cited by
- 1,171
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 96 · 2025: 100 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 98 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 81 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 83 · 2016: 79 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 73 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 58
- FWCI
- 3.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Annual Review of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL089850)
- National Institute of Mental Health (5P01 MH58911, K01MH070616, R01 MH41256, P50MH058911, R01MH041256)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- allostasis, allostatic load, neuroplasticity, stress response, stress-related disorders, stress adaptation, stress coping
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Adaptation, Psychological, Animals, Brain, Female, Humans, Male, Neuronal Plasticity, Stress, Physiological, Stress, Psychological, Mice, Rats, Allostasis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
