THE ESCRT COMPLEXES: Structure and Mechanism of a Membrane-Trafficking Network
Open accessAbstract
The ESCRT complexes and associated proteins comprise a major pathway for the lysosomal degradation of transmembrane proteins and are critical for receptor downregulation, budding of the HIV virus, and other normal and pathological cell processes. The ESCRT system is conserved from yeast to humans. The ESCRT complexes form a network that recruits monoubiquitinated proteins and drives their internalization into lumenal vesicles within a type of endosome known as a multivesicular body. The structures and interactions of many of the components have been determined over the past three years, revealing mechanisms for membrane and cargo recruitment and for complex assembly.
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ILV formation requires two distinct processes: organization of the endosome membrane into tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) and ESCRT complexes.
“Work in yeast [28-31] and other tissue culture models [32-34] suggests that ILV formation requires two distinct processes. The first involves the organization of the endosome membrane into specialized units highly enriched for a class of membrane proteins called tetraspanins [35].”
From Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EV): exosomes, microvesicles, retrovirus-like vesicles, and apoptotic bodies (2013) · cites this paper as [32]
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- Authors
- Hurley, J. H., & Emr, S. D.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2006-06-01
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 277-298
- ISSN
- 1056-8700 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4266
- OpenAlex
- W1981747825
- Cited by
- 546
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 6.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- ESCRT complex, membrane trafficking, multivesicular bodies, receptor down-regulation, lysosomal degradation, HIV budding, protein complex formation, membrane recruitment, protein structure
- MeSH terms
- Carrier Proteins, Cell Membrane, Endocytosis, Models, Biological, Models, Chemical, Models, Molecular, Endosomes, Structure-Activity Relationship, Signal Transduction, Protein Transport, Protein Sorting Signals
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