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Gliding and the Functional Origins of Flight: Biomechanical Novelty or Necessity?
Abstract
A biomechanically parsimonious hypothesis for the evolution of flapping flight in terrestrial vertebrates suggests progression within an arboreal context from jumping to directed aerial descent, gliding with control via appendicular motions, and ultimately to powered flight. The more than 30 phylogenetically independent lineages of arboreal vertebrate gliders lend strong indirect support to the ecological feasibility of such a trajectory. Insect flight evolution likely followed a similar sequence, but is unresolved paleontologically. Recently described falling behaviors in arboreal ants provide the first evidence demonstrating the biomechanical capacity for directed aerial descent in the complete absence of wings. Intentional control of body trajectories as animals fall from heights (and usually from vegetation) likely characterizes many more taxa than is currently recognized. Understanding the sensory and biomechanical mechanisms used by extant gliding animals to control and orient their descent is central to deciphering pathways involved in flight evolution.
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“The trees-down hypothesis is predicated on the existence a lineage of highly arboreal theropods preceding the evolution of the aerofoil and gliding locomotion [8], [12], [14], [24].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“Bats had arboreal, gliding antecedents [124] and pterosaurs, whose origins are unknown [125], are suspected to have also been arboreal gliders [8], [126].”
From Assessing Arboreal Adaptations of Bird Antecedents: Testing the Ecological Setting of the Origin of the Avian Flight Stroke (2011) · cites this paper as [8]
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Cited by
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West, S. A., Diggle, S. P., Buckling, A., Gardner, A., & Griffin, A. S. (2007) · Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.38.091206.095740 · Cited by 707
Evolution of animal photoperiodism
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A Global Review of the Distribution, Taxonomy, and Impacts of Introduced Seaweeds
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dudley, R., Byrnes, G., Yanoviak, S. P., Borrell, B., Brown, R. M., & McGuire, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory (US)
- University of Kansas (US)
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2007-12-01
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 179-201
- ISSN
- 1543-592X (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2069
- OpenAlex
- W2108604151
- Cited by
- 192
- References
- 160
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Keywords
- gliding, jumping, powered flight, arboreal ants, sensory mechanisms, biomechanics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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