Cited by 1,183Plant and animal studiesInsect and Pesticide ResearchInsect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior

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Decline and Conservation of Bumble Bees

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Goulson, D., Lye, G.C., Darvill, B.·2008·Annual Review of Entomology

DOI 10.1146/annurev.ento.53.103106.093454

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Abstract

Declines in bumble bee species in the past 60 years are well documented in Europe, where they are driven primarily by habitat loss and declines in floral abundance and diversity resulting from agricultural intensification. Impacts of habitat degradation and fragmentation are likely to be compounded by the social nature of bumble bees and their largely monogamous breeding system, which renders their effective population size low. Hence, populations are susceptible to stochastic extinction events and inbreeding. In North America, catastrophic declines of some bumble bee species since the 1990s are probably attributable to the accidental introduction of a nonnative parasite from Europe, a result of global trade in domesticated bumble bee colonies used for pollination of greenhouse crops. Given the importance of bumble bees as pollinators of crops and wildflowers, steps must be taken to prevent further declines. Suggested measures include tight regulation of commercial bumble bee use and targeted use of environmentally comparable schemes to enhance floristic diversity in agricultural landscapes.

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“Despite the valuable source of foraging for pollinators that legumes can provide [92,93,95], their complex flower structures may not support the full range of pollinators present in agricultural landscapes as they might restrict accessibility of resources to pollinating taxa with short mouthparts [116–119].”
Background
Bumble bee microbiota shows temporal succession and increase of lactic acid bacteria when exposed to outdoor environments
Weinhold, A., Grüner, E., & Keller, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1342781 · Cited by 17
Crop-Emptying Rate and the Design of Pesticide Risk Assessment Schemes in the Honey Bee and Wild Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Fournier, A., Rollin, O., Féon, V. L., Decourtye, A., & Henry, M. (2014) · Journal of Economic Entomology · doi:10.1603/ec13087 · Cited by 16
“…wild bee A substantial decline in wild bee and honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) populations was recently reported, particularly in Europe and North America (Biesmeijer et al. 2006; Oldroyd 2007; Goulson et al. 2008; VanEngelsdorp et al. 2008, 2010; Potts et al. 2010; Cameron et al. 2011).”
Background
Support for the reproductive ground plan hypothesis in a solitary bee: links between sucrose response and reproductive status
Kapheim, K. M., & Johnson, M. M. (2017) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.2406 · Cited by 16
Exploring an East Asian melon (Cucumis melo L.) collection for parthenocarpic ability
Yoshioka, Y., Shimomura, K., & Sugiyama, M. (2017) · Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution · doi:10.1007/s10722-017-0511-7 · Cited by 16
“Fujishita (2008) reviewed his past studies on melon genetic resources published in Japan, and reported that T a b le 1 P ar th en o ca rp ic ab il it y in th e se co n d sc re en in g A cc es si o n ID A cc es si o n n am e O ri g in N u m b er o f P ar th en o ca rp ic ra ti o (% ) A v e. fr u…”
Background
Host Plant Selection by the Wheat Bug, Nysius huttoni (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) on a Range of Potential Trap Plant Species
Tiwari, S., DICKINSON, N. M., Saville, D. J., & Wratten, S. D. (2018) · Journal of Economic Entomology · doi:10.1093/jee/toy017 · Cited by 16
Critical Transitions in Plant-Pollinator Systems Induced by Positive Inbreeding-Reward-Pollinator Feedbacks
Huang, H., & D’Odorico, P. (2020) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2020.100819 · Cited by 16
30 years of parasitology research analysed by text mining
Ellis, J., Ellis, B., Vélez-Estévez, A., Reichel, M. P., & Cobo, M. J. (2020) · Parasitology · doi:10.1017/s0031182020001596 · Cited by 18
“, 2002) and concerns about pollinator decline (Goulson et al., 2008), microbiomes (Singh et al.”
Background
Ozone Induces Distress Behaviors in Fig Wasps with a Reduced Chance of Recovery
Vanderplanck, M., Lapeyre, B., Lucas, S., & Proffit, M. (2021) · Insects · doi:10.3390/insects12110995 · Cited by 16
“Many synergistic drivers contribute to this loss in biodiversity, including habitat destruction/fragmentation [2,3], the use of agrochemicals [4,5], decreasing resource diversity [6], climate change [7,8], and air pollution [9,10].”
Background
Molecular detection of the tracheal mite Locustacarus buchneri in native and non-native bumble bees in Chile
Arismendi, N. L., Bruna, A., Nelson Zapata, S. M., & Vargas, M. (2016) · Insectes Sociaux · doi:10.1007/s00040-016-0502-2 · Cited by 16
Bumble bee species exhibit divergent responses to urbanisation in a S outhern C alifornia landscape
Schochet, A. B., Hung, K. J., & Holway, D. A. (2016) · Ecological Entomology · doi:10.1111/een.12343 · Cited by 16
“, 2008; Williams & Osborne, 2009) with reductions in diversity, range size, and abundance documented in Europe (Kosior et al., 2007; Goulson et al., 2008; Kerr et al., 2015) and North America (Cameron et al.”
BackgroundInfluential
Identifying Barriers to Citizen Scientist Retention When Measuring Pollination Services
Kleinke, B., Prajzner, S. P., Gordon, C., Hoekstra, N. C., Kautz, A. R., & Gardiner, M. M. (2018) · Citizen Science Theory and Practice · doi:10.5334/cstp.99 · Cited by 16
“) and wild pollinators have been detected (Aizen and Harder 2009; Gordon et al. 1998; Goulson et al. 2008; Potts et al. 2010).”
Background
Different cutting regimes improve species and functional diversity of insect‐pollinated plants in power‐line clearings
Steinert, M., Moe, S. R., Sydenham, M. A. K., & Eldegard, K. (2018) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1002/ecs2.2509 · Cited by 15
Pollen food resources to help pollinators. A study of five Ranunculaceae species in urban forest
Dmitruk, M., Wrzesień, M., Strzałkowska-Abramek, M., & Denisow, B. (2021) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127051 · Cited by 16
Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
Coussement, J. (2014) · Cited by 16
Projected climate change will reduce habitat suitability for bumble bees in the Pacific NorthwestPreprint
Koch, J. B. U., Looney, C., Hopkins, B. K., Lichtenberg, E. M., Sheppard, W. S., & Strange, J. P. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/610071 · Cited by 16
“76 Bumble bees (Bombus) are a predominantly temperate-adapted genus of primitively 77 eusocial bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) that are dependent on a variety of floral resources for pollen 78 and nectar [5].”
Background
Quantifying the impact of an invasive hornet on Bombus terrestris colonies
O’Shea-Wheller, T. A., Curtis, R. J., Kennedy, P. J., Groom, E. K. J., Poidatz, J., Raffle, D. S., Rojas‐Nossa, S. V., Bartolomé, C., Dasilva‐Martins, D., Maside, X., et al. (2023) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-023-05329-5 · Cited by 16
“This is perhaps unsurprising, as V. velutina is a highly adaptable generalist forager 34 , while B. terrestris is necessarily sensitive to the local availability of suitable pollen and nectar sources 53 .”
Local floral abundance influences bumble bee occupancy more than urban‐agricultural landscape context
Nunes, L. A., Tai, T., Zuckerberg, B., Clare, J. D., Jepsen, S., Strange, J. P., & Gratton, C. (2024) · Insect Conservation and Diversity · doi:10.1111/icad.12719 · Cited by 15
“Concern about the widespread declines of insects (Wagner, 2020) has received heightened attention due to documented decreases in the abundance and richness of pollinators, including bees (Bartomeus et al., 2013; Goulson et al., 2008; Semmens et al., 2016; Habel et al., 2019).”
Background
Modelling estimates of honey bee (Apis spp.) colony density from drones
Arundel, J. H., Oldroyd, B. P., & Winter, S. (2013) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.07.008 · Cited by 15
“In some circumstances they compete with native wildlife for food resources and nesting sites, and disrupt the pollination of native flora (Dupont et al., 2004; Goulson, 2003; Goulson et al., 2008; Kato et al., 1999).”
Background
Influence of pollinator abundance and flower visitation on seed yield in red clover
Vanommeslaeghe, A., Meeus, I., Cnops, G., Vleugels, T., Merchiers, M., Duquenne, B., Roldán-Ruíz, I., & Smagghe, G. J. (2018) · Arthropod-Plant Interactions · doi:10.1007/s11829-017-9593-6 · Cited by 15
Bee Assemblages in Managed Early-Successional Habitats in Southeastern New Hampshire
Milam, J. C., Litvaitis, J. A., Warren, A., Keirstead, D. R., & King, D. I. (2018) · Northeastern Naturalist · doi:10.1656/045.025.0309 · Cited by 15
Building resilience into agricultural pollination using wild pollinators
Williams, N. M., Isaacs, R., Lonsdorf, E. V., Winfree, R., & Ricketts, T. H. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781107705555.007 · Cited by 15
Preference of Peponapis pruinosa (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) for Tilled Soils Regardless of Soil Management System
Skidmore, A. R., Short, C. A., Dills, C., Goodell, K., & Bessin, R. T. (2019) · Environmental Entomology · doi:10.1093/ee/nvz052 · Cited by 15
Pollination Is Sufficient, Even with Low Bee Diversity, in Pumpkin and Winter Squash Fields
Stoner, K. A. (2020) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy10081141 · Cited by 16
“impatiens with its complex annual life cycle could be affected by many different factors across the landscape and throughout the year [26].”
Background
The Bumble Bees of Ukraine: Species Distribution and Floral Preferences
Коновалова, И. Б. (2010) · Psyche A Journal of Entomology · doi:10.1155/2010/819740 · Cited by 15
Bumblbebees (Bombidae) along pollution gradient - heavy metal accumulation, species diversity, and Nosema bombi infection level
Szentgyörgyi, H., Blinov, A. G., Eremeeva, N., Luzyanin, S., Grześ, I. M., & Woyciechowski, M. (2011) · Polish Journal of Ecology · Cited by 15
Population genetics of wild and managed pollinators: implications for crop pollination and the genetic integrity of wild bees
Suni, S. S., Scott, Z., Averill, A. L., & Whiteley, A. R. (2017) · Conservation Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10592-017-0955-5 · Cited by 15
“Unfortunately, many wild species have shown conspicuous declines in both Europe and the United States (Goulson et al.”
BackgroundInfluential
Phoretic mites on South American bumblebees (Bombus spp.) as parasite carriers: a historical input
Revainera, P. D., Quintana, S., de Landa, G. F., Arcerito, F. R. M., Lucía, M., Abrahamovich, A. H., Plischuk, S., Eguaras, M. J., & Maggi, M. (2020) · Apidologie · doi:10.1007/s13592-020-00733-w · Cited by 15
Landscape-scale diversity of plants, bumblebees and butterflies in mixed farm-forest landscapes of Northern Europe: Clear-cuts do not compensate for the negative effects of plantation forest cover
Andersson, G. K. S., Boke-Olén, N., Roger, F., Ekroos, J., Smith, H. G., & Clough, Y. (2022) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109728 · Cited by 14
Effects of agricultural landscape heterogeneity on pollinator visitation rates in Mediterranean oilseed rape
Neira, P., Blanco‐Moreno, J. M., Olave, M., Caballero‐López, B., & Sans, F. X. (2024) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2023.108869 · Cited by 15
“Furthermore, bumblebee habitat is enhanced by heterogeneous landscapes comprising a variety of seminatural habitats (Proesmans et al., 2019), and certain species of the genus Bombus use uncropped areas to form colonies (Goulson et al., 2008; Kells and Goulson, 2003).”
Background
Landscape influence on pollinator population genetic connectivity
Schleimer, A., & Frantz, A. C. (2025) · Insect Conservation and Diversity · doi:10.1111/icad.12813 · Cited by 14
“The difference is even more pronounced in social species, where the effective population size is given by the number of successful colonies (Goulson et al., 2008).”
Urbanization threaten the pollination of Gentiana dahurica
Hou, Q., Pang, X., Wang, Y., Sun, K., Jia, L.-Y., Zhang, S., & Li, Q.-X. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36773-7 · Cited by 14
Manure application improves both bumblebee flower visitation and crop yield in intensive farmland
Banaszak‐Cibicka, W., Takács, V., Kęsy, M., Łangowska, A., Blecharczyk, A., Sawinska, Z., Sparks, T. H., & Tryjanowski, P. (2019) · Basic and Applied Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.baae.2019.03.005 · Cited by 14
Orchid-pollinator network in Euro-Mediterranean region: What we know, what we think we know, and what remains to be done
Schatz, B., Genoud, D., Claessens, J., & Kleynen, J. (2020) · Acta Oecologica · doi:10.1016/j.actao.2020.103605 · Cited by 14
Factors contributing to the decline of an endangered flightless longhorn beetle: A 20‐year study
Baur, B., Coray, A., Lenzin, H., & Schmera, D. (2020) · Insect Conservation and Diversity · doi:10.1111/icad.12402 · Cited by 14
Quantifying shifts in topic popularity over 44 years of Austral Ecology
Westgate, M. J., Barton, P. S., Lindenmayer, D. B., & Andrew, N. R. (2020) · Austral Ecology · doi:10.1111/aec.12938 · Cited by 14
Methylene blue can act as an antidote to pesticide poisoning of bumble bee mitochondria
Syromyatnikov, M., Nesterova, E. Y., Smirnova, T., & Popov, V. N. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-94231-3 · Cited by 15
Does climate change influence the current and future projected distribution of an endangered species? The case of the southernmost bumblebee in the world
Morales, C. L., Montalva, J. M., Arbetman, M. P., Aizen, M. A., Martins, A. C., & Silva, D. P. (2022) · Journal of Insect Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10841-022-00384-5 · Cited by 14
“As correlations of 0.28 between variables may affect model fitting (Graham 2003), using uncorrelated PCs produces more reliable estimations of species suitability.”
MethodInfluential
Decreasing potential suitable habitat of bumble bees in the Great Himalayan National Park Conservation area
Singh, A. P., Chandra, A., De, K., Uniyal, V. P., & Sathyakumar, S. (2022) · Oriental Insects · doi:10.1080/00305316.2022.2040631 · Cited by 14
“The rapid extinction of bumble bee species could lead to a loss of acute pollination services to blooming plants across ecosystems, thereby enabling an extinction vortex between pollinators and the plants pollinated by those species (AllenWardell et al. 1998; Goulson et al. 2008).”
BackgroundResult
Local habitat type influences bumble bee pathogen loads and bee species distributions
Gratton, E. M., McNeil, D. J., Grozinger, C. M., & Hines, H. M. (2023) · Environmental Entomology · doi:10.1093/ee/nvad027 · Cited by 16
Genetic diversity and parasite prevalence in two species of bumblebee
Whitehorn, P. R., Tinsley, M. C., Brown, M. J. F., Darvill, B., & Goulson, D. (2014) · Journal of Insect Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10841-014-9673-1 · Cited by 14
“Over recent decades many bumblebee species have been declining across their range in the Northern hemisphere, predominantly due to the intensification of agriculture and the resultant loss of habitats (Goulson et al. 2008; Williams and Osborne 2009).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
The Flowering, Pollen Production, and Insect Visitors in the Ornamental Shrub Potentilla Fruticosa L. (Rosaceae)
Denisow, B., Antoń, S., & Szymczak, G. (2013) · Journal of Apicultural Science · doi:10.2478/jas-2013-0011 · Cited by 14
“As concluded by Fussel l and Corbet (1992), Carreck and Wil l iams (1997), and Goulson et al. (2008), the more diverse the plant arrangement, the more diverse the insect visitors.”
Background
Significant expansion of the distribution of the bumble beeBombus moderatus(Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Alberta over 20 years1This paper is dedicated to the memory of Adolf Scholl.
Owen, R. E., Otterstatter, M. C., Cartar, R. V., Farmer, A., Colla, S. R., & O’Toole, N. (2012) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/z11-114 · Cited by 14
The Rarity of Host Species Affects the Co-Extinction Risk in Socially Parasitic BumblebeeBombus(Psithyrus) Species
Suhonen, J., Rannikko, J., & Sorvari, J. (2015) · Annales Zoologici Fennici · doi:10.5735/086.052.0402 · Cited by 14
“For example, there are fewer nesting sites available in modern farmland than in the past (Goulson 2003, Goulson et al. 2008, Williams & Osborne 2009, Winfree 2010).”
Background
The relation between oilseed rape and pollination of later flowering plants varies across plant species and landscape contexts
Herbertsson, L., Rundlöf, M., & Smith, H. G. (2017) · Basic and Applied Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.baae.2017.08.001 · Cited by 14
Effect of timing and exposure of sunflower pollen on a common gut pathogen of bumble bees
LoCascio, G. M., Pasquale, R., Amponsah, E. R., Irwin, R. E., & Adler, L. S. (2019) · Ecological Entomology · doi:10.1111/een.12751 · Cited by 14
“, 2017), habitat degradation (Goulson et al., 2008), and land-use change (Potts et al.”
Background

Authors: Goulson, D., Lye, G. C., & Darvill, B.
Affiliations: University of Stirling (GB)
ORCID: Goulson, D.
Venue: Annual Review of Entomology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2008-01-01
Volume: 53
Issue: 1
Pages: 191-208
ISSN: 0066-4170 (ISSN-L)
1545-4487
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ento.53.103106.093454
OpenAlex: W2100945295
Cited by: 1,183
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 45 · 2025: 81 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 95 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 80 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 65 · 2014: 72 · 2013: 68 · 2012: 40
FWCI: 3.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
figshare.com
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Annual Review of Entomology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Plant and animal studies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect and Pesticide Research
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
Keywords: bumblebees, population decline (ecology), habitat loss, agricultural intensification, floral diversity, habitat fragmentation, inbreeding, stochastic extinction, pollination, conservation, pollinator decline, North America, Europe
MeSH terms: Agriculture, Animals, Bees, Conservation of Natural Resources, Environment, Pesticides, Population Dynamics, Flowers, Biodiversity

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Decline and Conservation of Bumble Bees

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