Genetic disorders of adipose tissue development, differentiation, and death.
Abstract
Lack of adipose tissue, either complete or partial, is the hallmark of disorders known as lipodystrophies. Patients with lipodystrophies suffer from metabolic complications similar to those associated with obesity, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic steatosis. The loss of body fat in inherited lipodystrophies can be caused by defects in the development and/or differentiation of adipose tissue as a consequence of mutations in a number of genes, including PPARG (encoding a nuclear hormone receptor), AGPAT2 (encoding an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of triglyceride and phospholipids), AKT2 (encoding a protein involved in insulin signal transduction), and BSCL2 (encoding seipin, whose role in the adipocyte biology remains unclear). The loss of body fat can also be caused by the premature death of adipocytes due to mutations in lamin A/C, nuclear lamina proteins, and ZMPSTE24, which modifies the prelamin A post-translationally. In this review, we focus on the molecular basis of inherited lipodystrophies as they relate to adipocyte biology and their associated phenotypic manifestations.
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Hepatic lipid accumulation may result when adipose lipid storage capacity is exceeded, as in obesity or adipocyte dysfunction (e.g., lipodystrophy).
“Hepatic lipid accumulation may result when adipose lipid storage capacity is exceeded, as in obesity or adipocyte dysfunction (e.g., lipodystrophy) (213).”
From The role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [213]
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- Authors
- Agarwal, A. K., & Garg, A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2006-09-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 175-199
- ISSN
- 1527-8204 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-293X
- OpenAlex
- W2121791963
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 110
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Southwestern Medical Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK054387)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000633)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- lipodystrophy, adipose tissue development, adipogenesis, adipocyte death, PPARγ, AGPAT2, AKT2, BSCL2, seipin, lamin A/C, nuclear lamina, ZMPSTE24, prelamin A, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatic steatosis
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Cell Differentiation, Humans, Lipodystrophy, Cell Death, Genetic Diseases, Inborn, Lipid Metabolism Disorders
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