The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
T Cell-Independent Antigens Type 2
Abstract
In this review we have attempted to define the characteristics of TI-2 antigens that enable them to stimulate antibody production in the absence of T cell help. One of the most critical properties of this group of antigens is their ability to deliver prolonged and persistent signaling to the B cell. This by itself is not however sufficient to stimulate Ig synthesis, and they must therefore stimulate non-T cells to interact with the B cells either directly or indirectly via cytokine production. There is evidence implicating the NK cell and T cell as playing this important role in response to TI antigens. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of cytokines such as IL-3, GMCSF, and IFN-gamma, which significantly enhance antibody production by these antigens. Finally, we present evidence demonstrating that B cell activation via TI stimuli does not play merely a permissive role in allowing for cell cycle entry and enhanced responsiveness to other stimuli. Rather, the nature of the B cell activating signal is critical in determining the quantitative and qualitative profile of Ig isotype production.
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Cites
Autocrine generation and requirement of BSF-2/IL-6 for human multiple myelomas
Kawano, M., Hirano, T., Matsuda, T., Taga, T., Horii, Y., Iwato, K., Asaoku, H., Tang, B., Tanabe, O., Tanaka, H., et al. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/332083a0 · Cited by 1,633
Cited by
Delves, P. J., & Roitt, I. M. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200007063430107 · Cited by 1,666
Carbohydrate vaccines: developing sweet solutions to sticky situations?
Astronomo, R. D., & Burton, D. R. (2010) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd3012 · Cited by 629
Pillai, S., Cariappa, A., & Moran, S. T. (2005) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115728 · Cited by 466
Wang, X., Ishida, T., & Kiwada, H. (2007) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.02.010 · Cited by 421
Weller, S., Faili, A., Garcia, C., Braun, M. C., Le Deist, F., de Saint Basile, G., Hermine, O., Fischer, A., Reynaud, C.-A., & Weill, J.-C. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.98.3.1166 · Cited by 398
Metadata
- Authors
- Mond, J. J.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Immunology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1995-01-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 655-692
- ISSN
- 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1988422289
- Cited by
- 824
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 9.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
