The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Does the Immune System See Tumors as Foreign or Self?
Abstract
Given the vast number of genetic and epigenetic changes associated with carcinogenesis, it is clear that tumors express many neoantigens. A central question in cancer immunology is whether recognition of tumor antigens by the immune system leads to activation (i.e., surveillance) or tolerance. Paradoxically, while strong evidence exists that specific immune surveillance systems operate at early stages of tumorigenesis, established tumors primarily induce immune tolerance. A unifying hypothesis posits that the fundamental processes of cancer progression, namely tissue invasion and metastasis, are inherently proinflammatory and thus activating for innate and adaptive antitumor immunity. To elude immune surveillance, tumors must develop mechanisms that block the elaboration and sensing of proinflammatory danger signals, thereby shifting the balance from activation to tolerance induction. Elucidation of these mechanisms provides new strategies for cancer immunotherapy.
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Cites
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Self-citationRae1 and H60 ligands of the NKG2D receptor stimulate tumour immunity
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Cited by
Type, Density, and Location of Immune Cells Within Human Colorectal Tumors Predict Clinical Outcome
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Cancer Immunoediting: Integrating Immunity’s Roles in Cancer Suppression and Promotion
Schreiber, R. D., Old, L. J., & Smyth, M. J. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1203486 · Cited by 6,474
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Ido expression by dendritic cells: tolerance and tryptophan catabolism
Mellor, A. L., & Munn, D. H. (2004) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1457 · Cited by 2,341
The STATs of cancer — new molecular targets come of age
Yu, H., & Jove, R. (2004) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1275 · Cited by 2,278
Metadata
- Authors
- Pardoll, D.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Immunology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 807-839
- ISSN
- 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-3278
- OpenAlex
- W2098958083
- Cited by
- 753
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 2.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
