THE CHOLESTEROL-RAISING FACTOR FROM COFFEE BEANS
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▪ Abstract Some coffee brewing techniques raise the serum concentration of total and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in humans, whereas others do not. The responsible factors are the diterpene lipids cafestol and kahweol, which make up about 1% (wt:wt) of coffee beans. Diterpenes are extracted by hot water but are retained by a paper filter. This explains why filtered coffee does not affect cholesterol, whereas Scandinavian “boiled,” cafetiere, and Turkish coffees do. We describe the identification of the cholesterol-raising factors, their effects on blood levels of lipids and liver function enzymes, and their impact on public health, based on papers published up to December 1996.
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Cafestol in unfiltered coffee increases serum total cholesterol concentrations.
“In addition, cafestol in unfiltered coffee increases serum total cholesterol concentrations.43”
From Long-Term Coffee Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and a Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies (2014) · cites this paper as [43]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Urgert, R., & Katan, M. B.
- Affiliations
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, Bomenweg 2, Wageningen, 6703 HD, The Netherlands
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- ORCID
- Katan, M. B.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1997-07
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 305-324
- ISSN
- 0199-9885 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4312
- OpenAlex
- W2100121015
- Cited by
- 260
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 0.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Natural Products and Biological Research
- Keywords
- coffee, cafestol, kahweol, LDL cholesterol, serum cholesterol, coffee brewing methods, filtered coffee, boiled coffee, Turkish coffee, liver enzymes, lipid metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Coffee, Coronary Disease, Diterpenes, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Infant, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
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